Irish Vivian
Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, 266 Whitney Ave, New Haven, CT 06520-8104, USA.
Curr Biol. 2017 Sep 11;27(17):R887-R890. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.03.045.
Flowers are organized into concentric whorls of sepals, petals, stamens and carpels, with each of these floral organ types having a unique role in reproduction (Figure 1). Sepals enclose and protect the flower bud, while petals can be large and showy so as to attract pollinators (or people!). Stamens produce pollen grains that contain male gametes, while the carpels contain the ovules that when fertilized will produce the seeds. While the size, shape, number and elaboration of each of these organ types can be quite different, the same general organization of four floral organ types arranged in concentric whorls exists across all flowering plant (angiosperm) species. As I shall explain in this Primer, the 'ABC model' is a simple and satisfying explanation for how this conserved floral architecture is genetically specified.
花由萼片、花瓣、雄蕊和心皮的同心轮状结构组成，这些花器官类型中的每一种在繁殖过程中都有独特的作用（图1）。萼片包裹并保护花芽，而花瓣可以又大又艳丽，以便吸引传粉者（或人类！）。雄蕊产生含有雄配子的花粉粒，而心皮含有胚珠，受精后会产生种子。虽然这些器官类型中每一种的大小、形状、数量和精细程度可能有很大差异，但所有开花植物（被子植物）物种都存在由同心轮状排列的四种花器官类型组成的相同总体结构。正如我将在本入门文章中解释的那样，“ABC模型”是对这种保守的花结构如何在基因上被指定的一个简单而令人满意的解释。
