Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, SPAIN.
Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, PORTUGAL.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2019 Apr;51(4):671-680. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001838.
The aims of this study were: (i) to provide a detailed description of movement and nonmovement behaviors objectively assessed over the complete 24-h period in a sample of older adults, and (ii) to analyze differences in these behaviors by sex, age, educational level, body mass index, self-rated health, and chronic conditions.
The sample comprised 607 high-functioning community-dwelling older adults (383 women), 65 to 92 yr, who participated in the IMPACT65+ study. Movement and nonmovement behaviors were assessed by the Intelligent Device for Energy Expenditure and Activity, which provide estimates on both temporal and spatial gait parameters, and identify specific functional activities on the basis of acceleration and position information.
The final sample with valid data was 432 older adults (284 women). Around 30.7% of daily time was engaged in sedentary behavior (SB), whereas 33.5% and 35.8% was represented by physical activity (PA) and sleep, respectively. Sitting passive was the most prevalent SB (vs lying and reclining), whereas most light PA was by standing (vs active sitting and walking at <2.5 mph). Time spent walking at ≥2.5 mph was the major contributor to moderate-to-vigorous PA. No differences were found in sleep time by sociodemographic or health-related characteristics, but there were relevant differences in sedentary and PA behaviors.
This study offers a detailed description of the distribution of SB, PA, and sleep in elderly across the 24-h spectrum. The results could be used to focus the strategies aimed to improve health in the old age.
本研究旨在：（i）详细描述 65 岁及以上高功能社区居住的老年人样本中 24 小时内的运动和非运动行为；（ii）分析这些行为在性别、年龄、教育水平、体重指数、自我报告健康状况和慢性疾病方面的差异。
该样本包括 607 名高功能社区居住的老年人（383 名女性），年龄 65 至 92 岁，参加了 IMPACT65+研究。运动和非运动行为通过智能设备进行评估，该设备可提供时间和空间步态参数的估计，并根据加速度和位置信息识别特定的功能活动。
最终有 432 名年龄较大的成年人（284 名女性）具有有效的数据。每天约 30.7%的时间处于久坐行为（SB）状态，而 33.5%和 35.8%分别代表体力活动（PA）和睡眠。坐姿被动是最常见的 SB（与躺卧和斜躺相比），而站立是最常见的轻度 PA（与坐姿和步行速度低于 2.5 英里/小时相比）。以 2.5 英里/小时或以上的速度行走的时间是中等到剧烈体力活动的主要贡献者。社会人口学或健康相关特征对睡眠时间没有差异，但在久坐和 PA 行为方面存在显著差异。
本研究详细描述了老年人在 24 小时内 SB、PA 和睡眠的分布情况。结果可用于集中制定旨在改善老年健康的策略。
