Jenkins Elizabeth L, De Souza Natalie J, Beatty Julia A, Barrs Vanessa Rd
University Veterinary Teaching Hospital Sydney, Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Kirrawee Veterinary Hospital, Kirrawee, NSW, Australia.
JFMS Open Rep. 2019 Jan 9;5(1):2055116918820733. doi: 10.1177/2055116918820733. eCollection 2019 Jan-Jun.
A 12-year-old male neutered Tonkinese cat was presented for acute ataxia, weakness, altered mentation and generalised tremors. The cat had been administered oral spinosad (140 mg; 33.5 mg/kg) 48 h prior to the onset of clinical signs, and an oral anthelmintic containing milbemycin oxime (16 mg; 3.8 mg/kg) and praziquantel (40 mg; 9.6 mg/kg) 12 h before the onset of clinical signs. On physical examination, dull-to-obtunded mentation, tetraparesis, ataxia and mild tremors of facial, limb and trunk muscles were noted. Serum biochemical changes and urinalysis were consistent with haemoconcentration. The results of a complete blood count, urine culture and serology for feline leukaemia virus, feline immunodeficiency virus and cryptococcal antigen were negative. The patient was monitored in hospital and all clinical signs resolved within 24 h.
The neurological signs in this case were consistent with macrocyclic lactone neurotoxicity, which is suspected to have occurred from an adverse drug interaction between spinosad and milbemycin oxime. This report serves to highlight the potential for this adverse drug interaction between these commonly used prophylactic drugs.
一只12岁已绝育的东奇尼猫因急性共济失调、虚弱、精神状态改变和全身性震颤前来就诊。该猫在出现临床症状前48小时口服了多杀菌素（140毫克；33.5毫克/千克），在出现临床症状前12小时口服了一种含有米尔贝肟（16毫克；3.8毫克/千克）和吡喹酮（40毫克；9.6毫克/千克）的驱虫药。体格检查时，发现精神状态从迟钝到昏迷、四肢轻瘫、共济失调以及面部、肢体和躯干肌肉轻度震颤。血清生化变化和尿液分析与血液浓缩一致。全血细胞计数、尿培养以及猫白血病病毒、猫免疫缺陷病毒和隐球菌抗原的血清学检测结果均为阴性。该患者在医院接受监测，所有临床症状在24小时内消失。
该病例的神经学症状与大环内酯类神经毒性一致，怀疑是多杀菌素和米尔贝肟之间的药物不良反应相互作用所致。本报告旨在强调这些常用预防药物之间发生这种药物不良反应相互作用的可能性。
