Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
J Biomed Mater Res A. 2019 May;107(5):1021-1030. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.36618. Epub 2019 Feb 11.
In vitro synthesis of bone tissue has been paid attention in recent years; however, current methods to fabricate bone tissue are still ineffective due to some remaining gaps in the understanding of real in vivo bone formation process, and application of the knowledge in bone synthesis. Therefore, the objectives of this study were first, to perform a systematic and ultrastructural investigation of the initial mineral formation during intramembranous ossification of mouse calvaria from a material scientists' viewpoint, and to develop novel mineralization methods based on the in vivo findings. First, the very initial mineral deposition was found to occur at embryonic day E14.0 in mouse calvaria. Analysis of the initial bone formation process showed that it involved the following distinct steps: collagen secretion, matrix vesicle (MV) release, MV mineralization, MV rupture, and collagen fiber mineralization. Next, we performed in vitro mineralization experiments using MVs and hydrogel scaffolds. Intact MVs embedded in collagen gel did not mineralize, whereas, interestingly, MV nanofragments obtained by ultrasonication could promote rapid mineralization. These results indicate that mechanically ruptured MV membrane can be a promising material for in vitro bone tissue synthesis. © 2019 The Authors. journal Of Biomedical Materials Research Part A Published By Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 1021-1030, 2019.
近年来，人们对骨组织的体外合成越来越关注；然而，由于对真正的体内骨形成过程的认识仍存在一些差距，以及对骨合成知识的应用不足，目前制造骨组织的方法仍然效果不佳。因此，本研究的目的首先是从材料科学家的角度对小鼠颅骨膜内成骨过程中初始矿化的进行系统和超微结构研究，并基于体内发现开发新的矿化方法。首先，在胚胎第 14 天（E14.0）在小鼠颅骨中发现了最早的矿化沉积。对初始骨形成过程的分析表明，它涉及以下几个明显的步骤：胶原分泌、基质囊泡（MV）释放、MV 矿化、MV 破裂和胶原纤维矿化。接下来，我们使用 MV 和水凝胶支架进行了体外矿化实验。嵌入胶原凝胶中的完整 MV 没有矿化，而有趣的是，通过超声处理获得的 MV 纳米片段可以促进快速矿化。这些结果表明，机械破裂的 MV 膜可以成为体外骨组织合成的一种有前途的材料。© 2019 作者。 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A：107A：1021-1030，2019。
