a Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health , Guangxi Medical University , Nanning , P.R. China.
b Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health , Guangxi Medical University , Nanning , P.R. China.
Psychol Health Med. 2019 Aug;24(7):890-900. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2019.1567928. Epub 2019 Jan 24.
The present study aims to determine the association between bus drivers' socio-demographic characteristics, personality traits, mental health and traffic violations. This case-control study included 596 bus drivers who were recruited during October 2014 to May 2016, including 295 drivers with traffic violations and 301 drivers without traffic violations. The bus drivers' personality traits and mental health were assessed by the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R). Drivers aged 26-35 years were 72% less likely to be involved in traffic violations compared to drivers aged ≤25 years (OR:0.284,95%CI:0.137-0.586). Drivers with ≤2 years driving experience were associated with almost a three-fold increased risk of traffic violations compared to ≥21 years driving experience (OR:3.174,95%CI:1.097-9.187). The OR value decreased with the increase of annual income (OR:4.631,95%CI:2.667-8.042;OR:3.569,95%CI:2.038-6.251;OR:3.781,95%CI:1.999-7.151). Occasionally drinking drivers and regularly drinking drivers, compared to nondrinking drivers, exhibited a higher risk of traffic violations (OR:2.487,95%CI:1.521-4.065;OR:3.271,95%CI:1.387-7.716).Extroversion and neuroticism were identified as significant factors associated with traffic violations (OR:1.262,95%CI:1.145-1.393;OR:1.159,95%CI:1.060-1.267).Somatization increased eleven-fold risk of bus drivers' traffic violations (OR:11.185,95%CI:4.563-27.419). The results revealed that bus drivers' traffic violations were mainly affected by specific socio-demographic characteristics, personality traits and mental health, which increase the risk of traffic violations.
本研究旨在探讨公交司机的社会人口学特征、人格特质、心理健康与交通违法行为之间的关系。这项病例对照研究纳入了 2014 年 10 月至 2016 年 5 月期间招募的 596 名公交司机，其中 295 名司机发生过交通违法行为，301 名司机未发生过交通违法行为。采用艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）和症状自评量表（SCL-90-R）评估司机的人格特质和心理健康。与 25 岁及以下的司机相比，26-35 岁的司机发生交通违法行为的可能性低 72%（OR：0.284，95%CI：0.137-0.586）。与具有 21 年及以上驾龄的司机相比，驾龄≤2 年的司机发生交通违法行为的风险增加近三倍（OR：3.174，95%CI：1.097-9.187）。年收入的增加与交通违法行为的风险呈负相关（OR：4.631，95%CI：2.667-8.042；OR：3.569，95%CI：2.038-6.251；OR：3.781，95%CI：1.999-7.151）。偶尔饮酒和经常饮酒的司机与不饮酒的司机相比，发生交通违法行为的风险更高（OR：2.487，95%CI：1.521-4.065；OR：3.271，95%CI：1.387-7.716）。外向性和神经质被确定为与交通违法行为相关的显著因素（OR：1.262，95%CI：1.145-1.393；OR：1.159，95%CI：1.060-1.267）。躯体化使公交司机发生交通违法行为的风险增加 11 倍（OR：11.185，95%CI：4.563-27.419）。研究结果表明，公交司机的交通违法行为主要受到特定的社会人口学特征、人格特质和心理健康的影响，这些因素增加了交通违法行为的风险。
