Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece.
Sensors (Basel). 2019 Jan 22;19(3):452. doi: 10.3390/s19030452.
Indoor localization systems have already wide applications mainly for providing localized information and directions. The majority of them focus on commercial applications providing information such us advertisements, guidance and asset tracking. Medical oriented localization systems are uncommon. Given the fact that an individual's indoor movements can be indicative of his/her clinical status, in this paper we present a low-cost indoor localization system with room-level accuracy used to assess the frailty of older people. We focused on designing a system with easy installation and low cost to be used by non technical staff. The system was installed in older people houses in order to collect data about their indoor localization habits. The collected data were examined in combination with their frailty status, showing a correlation between them. The indoor localization system is based on the processing of Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measurements by a tracking device, from Bluetooth Beacons, using a fingerprint-based procedure. The system has been tested in realistic settings achieving accuracy above 93% in room estimation. The proposed system was used in 271 houses collecting data for 1⁻7-day sessions. The evaluation of the collected data using ten-fold cross-validation showed an accuracy of 83% in the classification of a monitored person regarding his/her frailty status (Frail, Pre-frail, Non-frail).
室内定位系统已经有了广泛的应用，主要用于提供本地化信息和方向。它们中的大多数都集中在商业应用上，提供广告、导航和资产跟踪等信息。面向医疗的定位系统并不常见。鉴于个人的室内活动可以反映其临床状况，我们在本文中提出了一个具有房间级精度的低成本室内定位系统，用于评估老年人的虚弱程度。我们专注于设计一个易于安装且成本低的系统，供非技术人员使用。该系统被安装在老年人的家中，以收集有关他们室内定位习惯的数据。收集的数据与他们的虚弱状况结合起来进行了检查，结果显示出两者之间存在相关性。室内定位系统基于跟踪设备对蓝牙信标发出的接收信号强度指示 (RSSI) 测量值进行处理，采用基于指纹的方法。该系统已在现实环境中进行了测试，在房间估计方面的准确率超过 93%。该系统在 271 个住宅中使用，收集了 1-7 天的测试数据。使用十折交叉验证对收集的数据进行评估，结果表明，在对被监测者的虚弱状况（虚弱、虚弱前期、非虚弱）进行分类时，准确率为 83%。
