Seven Memnun, Paşalak Şeyma İnciser, Sahin Eda, Akyuz Aygul
Koç University School of Nursing, İstanbul, Turkey.
Faculty of Health Sciences, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey.
J Genet Couns. 2019 Jun;28(3):578-586. doi: 10.1002/jgc4.1082. Epub 2019 Jan 24.
This study evaluated how genetic literacy of pregnant women in Turkey affects their use of prenatal screening and diagnostic tests. As a descriptive cross-sectional study, a Participant Identification Form and the Genetic literacy and Comprehension Measure (GLAC) were used to collect data. The sample of study consisted of 189 pregnant women who made regular antenatal care visits in Giresun, Turkey. The mean age was 29.5 ± 5.9 years and mean gestational week was 34.9 ± 5.09. Of the women, 76.7% had undergone prenatal screening tests, and 85.5% of them had learned about the tests from their doctors. The mean GLAC score of familiarity was 3.67 ± 1.78 (out of seven), and the genetic concepts answered correctly were 5.30 ± 1.79 (out of eight). No statistically significant relationship emerged between the women's genetic literacy and their use of prenatal screening or diagnostic tests. However, relationships were statistically significant between the genetic literacy of the women and the educational levels of the women themselves or their spouses, consanguineous marital status, parity, and use of folic acid supplements. Primiparous women who were highly educated, had a highly educated spouse, were not in consanguineous marriages, and had taken folic acid supplements during pregnancy were more literate in genetics. There is a need for more educational opportunities in order for women to increase their familiarity with genetic terms. Educating women will improve their understanding of genetics-related health services and increase their awareness of genetic diseases, which will allow them to take the appropriate actions for primary prevention.
本研究评估了土耳其孕妇的基因知识水平如何影响她们对产前筛查和诊断测试的使用。作为一项描述性横断面研究，使用了一份参与者识别表和基因知识与理解测量工具（GLAC）来收集数据。研究样本包括189名在土耳其吉雷松进行定期产前检查的孕妇。平均年龄为29.5±5.9岁，平均孕周为34.9±5.09周。在这些女性中，76.7%接受了产前筛查测试，其中85.5%是从医生那里了解到这些测试的。熟悉程度的平均GLAC评分为3.67±1.78（满分7分），正确回答的基因概念为5.30±1.79（满分8分）。女性的基因知识水平与她们对产前筛查或诊断测试的使用之间未出现统计学上的显著关系。然而，女性的基因知识水平与她们自身或配偶的教育程度、近亲婚姻状况、产次以及叶酸补充剂的使用之间存在统计学上的显著关系。受过高等教育、配偶受过高等教育、非近亲婚姻且在孕期服用了叶酸补充剂的初产妇在基因方面的知识更丰富。需要提供更多的教育机会，以便女性增加对基因术语的熟悉程度。对女性进行教育将提高她们对与基因相关的健康服务项目的理解，并增强她们对遗传疾病的认识，这将使她们能够采取适当的行动进行一级预防。
