De Brún Aoife, O'Donovan Roisin, McAuliffe Eilish
School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, Health Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2019 Jan 25;19(1):72. doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-3883-x.
Collective or shared leadership approaches have been associated with team performance outcomes in several sectors. Based on this evidence, there have been calls for more inclusive approaches to leadership in healthcare settings, but guidance on how to achieve collective leadership is lacking. This study synthesised knowledge of interventions to introduce collectivistic leadership in healthcare settings.
The databases of PubMed, PsychInfo, ABI Inform, Cochrane and CINAHL and three grey literature databases were searched. Studies from any country were included if they reported on the development and evaluation and/or implementation of training/interventions to develop collectivistic leadership and reported individual and/or team-level outcomes. Results were synthesised using a narrative approach.
The searches yielded 4448 records of which 21 met the eligibility criteria and were reviewed. Studies used a variety of interventions; eleven employed a team training approach, four described co-leadership, three explored service improvement, two detailed co-design approaches and one described an individual team development intervention. Most demonstrated moderate to good success in enabling collectivistic leadership, with benefits reported in staff engagement, satisfaction, and team performance.
Whilst collectivistic leadership interventions have demonstrated positive outcomes, there is a need for more rigor and consistency in the evaluation of interventions aimed at developing collectivistic leadership approaches in health settings.
集体领导或共享领导方式已在多个领域与团队绩效结果相关联。基于这一证据，有人呼吁在医疗环境中采用更具包容性的领导方式，但缺乏关于如何实现集体领导的指导。本研究综合了在医疗环境中引入集体主义领导的干预措施的相关知识。
检索了PubMed、PsychInfo、ABI Inform、Cochrane和CINAHL数据库以及三个灰色文献数据库。如果研究报告了发展和评估及/或实施培养集体主义领导的培训/干预措施，并报告了个人和/或团队层面的结果，则纳入来自任何国家的研究。结果采用叙述性方法进行综合。
检索共获得4448条记录，其中21条符合纳入标准并进行了综述。研究采用了多种干预措施；11项采用团队培训方法，4项描述了联合领导，3项探索了服务改进，2项详细介绍了联合设计方法，1项描述了个体团队发展干预。大多数研究在实现集体主义领导方面显示出中等至良好的成效，在员工参与度、满意度和团队绩效方面均有收益报告。
虽然集体主义领导干预已显示出积极成果，但在评估旨在在卫生环境中培养集体主义领导方式的干预措施时，需要更高的严谨性和一致性。
