塞尔维亚东南部伊蚊（双翅目：蠓科）的物种多样性、宿主偏好和虫媒病毒检测。
Species diversity, host preference and arbovirus detection of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in south-eastern Serbia.
机构信息
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Institute of Infectology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Insel Riems, Germany.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2019 Jan 25;12(1):61. doi: 10.1186/s13071-019-3292-3.
BACKGROUND
Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) is a genus of small biting midges (also known as "no-see ums") that currently includes 1368 described species. They are proven or suspected vectors for important pathogens affecting animals such as bluetongue virus (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV). Currently little information is available on the species of Culicoides present in Serbia. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine species diversity, host preference and the presence of BTV and SBV RNA in Culicoides from the Stara Planina Nature Park in south-eastern Serbia.
RESULTS
In total 19,887 individual Culicoides were collected during three nights of trapping at two farm sites and pooled into six groups (Obsoletus group, Pulicaris group, "Others" group and further each group according to the blood-feeding status to freshly engorged and non-engorged). Species identification was done on subsamples of 592 individual Culicoides specimens by morphological and molecular methods (MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and PCR/sequencing). At least 22 Culicoides species were detected. Four animal species (cow, sheep, goat and common blackbird) as well as humans were identified as hosts of Culicoides biting midges. The screening of 8291 Culicoides specimens in 99 pools for the presence of BTV and SBV RNA by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR were negative.
CONCLUSIONS
The biodiversity of Culicoides species in the natural reserve Stara Planina was high with at least 22 species present. The presence of C. imicola Kieffer was not recorded in this area. Culicoides showed opportunistic feeding behaviour as determined by host preference. The absence of SBV and BTV viral RNA correlates with the absence of clinical disease in the field during the time of sampling. These data are the direct outcome of a training programme within the Institutional Partnership Project "AMSAR: Arbovirus monitoring, research and surveillance-capacity building on mosquitoes and biting midges" funded by the programme SCOPES of the Swiss National Science Foundation.
背景
蠓科（双翅目：蠓科）是一个由小吸血蠓（也称为“无蚊蝇”）组成的属，目前已描述了 1368 种。它们是蓝舌病毒（BTV）和沙米伦贝格病毒（SBV）等影响动物的重要病原体的已知或疑似载体。目前，关于塞尔维亚存在的库蠓物种的信息很少。因此，本研究的目的是检查东南塞尔维亚的斯塔拉普拉纳自然公园的库蠓的物种多样性、宿主偏好以及 BTV 和 SBV RNA 的存在。
结果
在两个农场地点的三个夜间诱捕中，共收集了 19887 只库蠓个体，并将其分为六组（Obsoletus 组、Pulicaris 组、“其他”组以及根据吸血状态进一步分为刚饱血和未饱血的组）。通过形态学和分子方法（基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱和 PCR/测序）对 592 只库蠓标本的亚样本进行了物种鉴定。至少检测到 22 种库蠓。牛、羊、山羊和普通八哥等四种动物以及人类被鉴定为库蠓吸血蠓的宿主。通过逆转录定量 PCR 对 8291 个库蠓标本 99 个样本进行 BTV 和 SBV RNA 筛查均为阴性。
结论
自然保护区斯塔拉普拉纳的库蠓物种多样性很高，至少有 22 种。在该地区没有记录到伊氏库蠓的存在。根据宿主偏好，库蠓表现出机会性摄食行为。在采样期间，现场没有临床疾病，这与 SBV 和 BTV 病毒 RNA 的不存在相吻合。这些数据是由瑞士国家科学基金会 SCOPES 计划资助的机构合作项目“AMSAR：蚊媒和吸血蠓的虫媒病毒监测、研究和监测能力建设”内的培训计划的直接结果。
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