Breitenstein Reagan S, Doane Leah D, Clifford Sierra, Lemery-Chalfant Kathryn
Arizona State University.
Soc Dev. 2018 Nov;27(4):967-983. doi: 10.1111/sode.12302. Epub 2018 Apr 26.
Children's sleep has both environmental and genetic influences, with stressful family environmental factors like household chaos and marital conflict associated with sleep duration and quality (El-Sheikh, Buckhalt, Mize, & Acebo, 2006; Fiese, Winter, Sliwinski, & Anbar, 2007). However, it is less clear whether sibling conflict is related to sleep duration and children's sleep problems (e.g., nighttime wakings, parasomnias). In addition, few studies have tested whether associations between sleep and stressful family environmental factors are accounted for by an underlying set of genes or shared and unique environmental factors. Participants were 582 twins with sleep assessed longitudinally at 12, 30 months, and 5 years of age. Sibling conflict was assessed at 5 years. Greater sibling conflict was associated with shorter sleep duration and greater number of total sleep problems, over and above the influence of general household stress and other covariates. The heritability of sleep duration increased with age. Shared environmental factors accounted for the covariance between sibling conflict and sleep duration and total sleep problems. Findings hold promise for interventions, including educating parents about fostering positive sibling relationships and healthy sleep habits.
儿童的睡眠受到环境和遗传因素的双重影响，诸如家庭混乱和婚姻冲突等压力较大的家庭环境因素与睡眠时间及质量相关（埃尔-谢赫、巴克霍尔特、米兹和阿塞博，2006年；菲斯、温特、斯利温斯基和安巴尔，2007年）。然而，同胞冲突是否与睡眠时间及儿童睡眠问题（如夜间醒来、异态睡眠）相关尚不清楚。此外，很少有研究检验睡眠与压力较大的家庭环境因素之间的关联是否由一组潜在基因或共享及独特环境因素所解释。研究对象为582对双胞胎，在其12个月、30个月和5岁时对睡眠情况进行纵向评估。在5岁时评估同胞冲突情况。除了一般家庭压力和其他协变量的影响外，同胞冲突越激烈，睡眠时间越短，总的睡眠问题数量越多。睡眠时间的遗传度随年龄增长而增加。共享环境因素解释了同胞冲突与睡眠时间及总的睡眠问题之间的协方差。这些研究结果为干预措施带来了希望，包括教育家长培养积极的同胞关系和健康的睡眠习惯。
