Schlader Zachary J, Chapman Christopher L, Benati Julia M, Gideon Elizabeth A, Vargas Nicole T, Lema Penelope C, Johnson Blair D
Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States.
Front Physiol. 2019 Jan 10;9:1928. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01928. eCollection 2018.
We tested the hypotheses that prior aerobic (Study 1) or anaerobic (Study 2) exercise attenuates the increase in renal vascular resistance (RVR) during sympathetic stimulation. Ten healthy young adults (5 females) participated in both Study 1 (aerobic exercise) and Study 2 (anaerobic exercise). In Study 1, subjects completed three minutes of face cooling pre- and post- 30 min of moderate intensity aerobic exercise (68 ± 1% estimate maximal heart rate). In Study 2, subjects completed two minutes of the cold pressor test pre- and post- the completion of a 30 s maximal effort cycling test (Wingate Anaerobic Test). Both face cooling and the cold pressor test stimulate the sympathetic nervous system and elevate RVR. The primary dependent variable in both Studies was renal blood velocity, which was measured at baseline and every minute during sympathetic stimulation. Renal blood velocity was measured via the coronal approach at the distal segment of the right renal artery with pulsed wave Doppler ultrasound. RVR was calculated from the quotient of mean arterial pressure and renal blood velocity. In Study 1, renal blood velocity and RVR did not differ between pre- and post- aerobic exercise ( ≥ 0.24). Face cooling decreased renal blood velocity ( < 0.01) and the magnitude of this decrease did not differ between pre- and post- aerobic exercise ( = 0.52). RVR increased with face cooling ( < 0.01) and the extent of these increases did not differ between pre- and post- aerobic exercise ( = 0.74). In Study 2, renal blood velocity was 2 ± 2 cm/s lower post- anaerobic exercise ( = 0.02), but RVR did not differ ( = 0.08). The cold pressor test decreased renal blood velocity ( < 0.01) and the magnitude of this decrease did not differ between pre- and post- anaerobic exercise ( = 0.26). RVR increased with the cold pressor test ( < 0.01) and the extent of these increases did not differ between pre- and post- anaerobic exercise ( = 0.12). These data indicate that 30 min of moderate intensity aerobic exercise or 30 s of maximal effort anaerobic exercise does not affect the capacity to increase RVR during sympathetic stimulation following exercise.
先前的有氧运动（研究1）或无氧运动（研究2）可减轻交感神经刺激期间肾血管阻力（RVR）的增加。十名健康的年轻成年人（5名女性）参与了研究1（有氧运动）和研究2（无氧运动）。在研究1中，受试者在30分钟中等强度有氧运动（估计最大心率的68±1%）前后各进行三分钟面部冷却。在研究2中，受试者在完成30秒最大强度自行车测试（温盖特无氧测试）前后各进行两分钟冷加压试验。面部冷却和冷加压试验均可刺激交感神经系统并提高RVR。两项研究的主要因变量均为肾血流速度，在基线时以及交感神经刺激期间每分钟进行测量。通过冠状切面，使用脉冲波多普勒超声在右肾动脉远端测量肾血流速度。RVR由平均动脉压与肾血流速度的商计算得出。在研究1中，有氧运动前后肾血流速度和RVR无差异（≥0.24）。面部冷却使肾血流速度降低（<0.01），且这种降低幅度在有氧运动前后无差异（=0.52）。RVR随面部冷却而增加（<0.01），且这些增加程度在有氧运动前后无差异（=0.74）。在研究2中，无氧运动后肾血流速度降低2±2厘米/秒（=0.02），但RVR无差异（=0.08）。冷加压试验使肾血流速度降低（<0.01），且这种降低幅度在无氧运动前后无差异（=0.26）。RVR随冷加压试验而增加（<0.01），且这些增加程度在无氧运动前后无差异（=0.12）。这些数据表明，30分钟中等强度有氧运动或30秒最大强度无氧运动不会影响运动后交感神经刺激期间增加RVR的能力。
