Zhang Tian, Armstrong Andrew J, George Daniel J, Huang Jiaoti
Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.
Precis Clin Med. 2018 Dec;1(3):97-101. doi: 10.1093/pcmedi/pby018. Epub 2018 Dec 19.
A broad understanding of the tumor immune landscape has led to a revolution of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of multiple cancer types. In genitourinary malignancies, immune checkpoint inhibitors have improved outcomes for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma and metastatic urothelial carcinoma; however, these treatments have not yet proven broadly beneficial for patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Numerous prospective trials are ongoing to further improve outcomes with immunotherapy combinations and for biomarker development to predict benefit from immune checkpoint inhibition. This perspective article highlights our current immunotherapy approaches in each of the genitourinary malignancies and the ongoing clinical trials that may inform our future treatments in renal, urothelial, and prostate cancers.
对肿瘤免疫格局的广泛了解引发了免疫检查点抑制剂在多种癌症类型治疗中的革命。在泌尿生殖系统恶性肿瘤中，免疫检查点抑制剂改善了转移性肾细胞癌和转移性尿路上皮癌患者的预后；然而，这些治疗尚未被证明对转移性前列腺癌患者具有广泛益处。目前正在进行大量前瞻性试验，以进一步改善免疫治疗联合方案的疗效，并开发生物标志物来预测免疫检查点抑制的获益情况。这篇观点文章重点介绍了我们目前在每种泌尿生殖系统恶性肿瘤中的免疫治疗方法，以及可能为我们未来治疗肾癌、尿路上皮癌和前列腺癌提供依据的正在进行的临床试验。
