Stoll C, Dott B, Roth M P, Alembik Y
l'Institut de Puériculture, CHU, Strasbourg.
Arch Fr Pediatr. 1988 Nov;45(9):617-22.
A case-control study of neural tube defects (NTD) was undertaken from 1979 to 1986 in the department of Bas-Rhin in Northeastern France. For 105,374 consecutive births the incidence of spina bifida was 0.62 in 1,000, the incidence of anencephaly was 0.33 in 1,000 and that of encephalocele was 0.14 in 1,000. Sex ratios were respectively 1.06, 0.64 and 0.75. Among the numerous etiological factors which were studied we observed a seasonal factor (more conceptions in April, less in September). Birth weight and length were lower in children with spina bifida than in controls. Metrorrhagia was more frequent during pregnancies with anencephaly as was oligoamnios in pregnancies with encephalocele. Routine US prenatal diagnosis, which was performed in 90% of the pregnant women, allowed diagnoses in 88% of the fetuses with anencephaly but only in 53% of the fetuses with spina bifida and in 64% of the fetuses with encephalocele. For these last two anomalies diagnosis could often be performed because a malformation was associated with a NTD.
1979年至1986年期间，在法国东北部下莱茵省开展了一项神经管缺陷（NTD）病例对照研究。在105374例连续出生的婴儿中，脊柱裂的发病率为千分之0.62，无脑儿的发病率为千分之0.33，脑膨出的发病率为千分之0.14。男女比例分别为1.06、0.64和0.75。在研究的众多病因中，我们观察到一个季节性因素（4月受孕较多，9月较少）。脊柱裂患儿的出生体重和身长低于对照组。无脑儿妊娠期间的子宫出血更为常见，脑膨出妊娠期间羊水过少也更为常见。90%的孕妇进行了常规超声产前诊断，其中88%的无脑儿胎儿得以确诊，但脊柱裂胎儿的确诊率仅为53%，脑膨出胎儿的确诊率为64%。对于后两种异常情况，通常可以进行诊断，因为畸形与神经管缺陷相关。
