Miwa Shinji, Shirai Toshiharu, Yamamoto Norio, Hayashi Katsuhiro, Takeuchi Akihiko, Igarashi Kentaro, Tsuchiya Hiroyuki
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
J Oncol. 2019 Jan 1;2019:7035045. doi: 10.1155/2019/7035045. eCollection 2019.
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of bone. Although outcomes of patients with osteosarcoma have improved since the introduction of chemotherapy, outcomes of metastatic or unresectable osteosarcomas are still unsatisfactory. To improve osteosarcoma outcomes, the development of novel systemic therapies for osteosarcoma is needed. Since the 1880s, various immunotherapies have been utilized in patients with osteosarcoma and some patients have shown response to the treatment. Based on recent studies about the role of the immune system in malignancies, immunotherapies including immune modulators such as interleukin-2 and muramyl tripeptide, dendritic cells, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and engineered T cells have been utilized in patients with malignancies. Although there are limited reports of immunotherapies for osteosarcoma, immunotherapy is thought to be a promising treatment option for treating osteosarcomas. In this review, an overview of various immunotherapies for osteosarcoma is provided and their potential as adjuvant therapies is discussed.
骨肉瘤是最常见的原发性骨恶性肿瘤。自化疗引入以来，骨肉瘤患者的治疗结果有所改善，但转移性或不可切除骨肉瘤的治疗结果仍不尽人意。为改善骨肉瘤的治疗效果，需要开发新的骨肉瘤全身治疗方法。自19世纪80年代以来，各种免疫疗法已应用于骨肉瘤患者，一些患者对治疗有反应。基于近期关于免疫系统在恶性肿瘤中作用的研究，免疫疗法包括免疫调节剂如白细胞介素-2和胞壁酰三肽、树突状细胞、免疫检查点抑制剂和工程化T细胞已应用于恶性肿瘤患者。尽管关于骨肉瘤免疫疗法的报道有限，但免疫疗法被认为是治疗骨肉瘤的一种有前景的治疗选择。在本综述中，提供了各种骨肉瘤免疫疗法的概述，并讨论了它们作为辅助疗法的潜力。
