Mohammed Shamsudeen, Abdulai Abdul-Malik, Iddrisu Osman Abu
Department of Nursing, College of Nursing and Midwifery, Nalerigu, Ghana.
Nurses' and Midwives' Training College, Tamale, Ghana.
Contracept Reprod Med. 2019 Jan 24;4:1. doi: 10.1186/s40834-018-0082-9. eCollection 2019.
Emergency contraception, if used properly, can prevent up to over 95 % of unwanted and mistimed pregnancies. However, a number of obstacle including healthcare providers knowledge, perception, and attitude towards emergency contraception (EC) prevent women and adolescents from having access to EC.
This was a cross-sectional study among 191 female final year nursing and midwifery students of Tamale Nurses and Midwives Training College in the Northern Region of Ghana. Purposive sampling method was used to sample 100 students from the nursing programme and 91 from the midwifery programme. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were performed to determine factors associated with awareness about EC and use of EC.
Over four-fifths, 166(86.91%), of the participants indicated they had heard about EC prior to the study. Majority (80.10%) of the participants correctly indicated the time within which to take emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs). More than half, 105(54.97%), of the participants did not know the appropriate time within which to use IUD as EC. Almost four-fifths, 74(38.74%), of the participants indicated it is morally wrong to use EC and more than half, ( = 104, 54.45%), of them said EC use promotes promiscuity. Only 49(25.65%) participants said they had ever used ECP. Of the number that indicated ever-using ECP, 36(73.47%) cited condom breakage or slippage as the reason for using the method.
Though there was a relatively high level of EC awareness and knowledge among the students, some students lacked detailed knowledge about the method, especially the use of IUD as EC. We found that it was easy to access EC in the study area but the use of EC was low among the students. Most of the students demonstrated a positive attitude towards EC, but many of them believed EC encourages promiscuous sexual behaviour and that it is morally wrong to use EC. The curriculum for nursing and midwifery education should provide opportunity for detailed information and practical knowledge on EC to demystify negative perceptions and attitudes of nursing and midwifery students towards EC and other forms of contraception and to improve their knowledge on EC.
如果正确使用，紧急避孕可预防高达95%以上的意外怀孕和时机不当的怀孕。然而，包括医疗服务提供者对紧急避孕的知识、认知和态度在内的一些障碍，使妇女和青少年无法获得紧急避孕服务。
这是一项对加纳北部塔马利护士和助产士培训学院191名护理学和助产学专业最后一年的女学生进行的横断面研究。采用目的抽样法，从护理专业抽取100名学生，从助产专业抽取91名学生。采用卡方检验和费舍尔精确检验来确定与紧急避孕知晓率和使用率相关的因素。
超过五分之四（166名，86.91%）的参与者表示在研究之前听说过紧急避孕。大多数（80.10%）参与者正确指出了服用紧急避孕药的时间范围。超过一半（105名，54.97%）的参与者不知道宫内节育器作为紧急避孕方法的合适使用时间范围。近五分之四（74名，38.74%）的参与者表示使用紧急避孕在道德上是错误的，超过一半（104名，54.45%）的参与者表示使用紧急避孕会助长滥交。只有49名（25.65%）参与者表示他们曾使用过紧急避孕药。在表示曾使用过紧急避孕药的人中，36名（73.47%）将避孕套破裂或滑落作为使用该方法的原因。
尽管学生中紧急避孕的知晓率和知识水平相对较高，但一些学生缺乏关于该方法的详细知识，尤其是宫内节育器作为紧急避孕方法的使用。我们发现，在研究地区很容易获得紧急避孕服务，但学生中紧急避孕的使用率较低。大多数学生对紧急避孕表现出积极态度，但他们中的许多人认为紧急避孕会鼓励滥交性行为，并且使用紧急避孕在道德上是错误的。护理学和助产学教育课程应提供机会，传授关于紧急避孕的详细信息和实践知识，以消除护理学和助产学专业学生对紧急避孕及其他避孕方式的负面认知和态度，并提高他们对紧急避孕的知识水平。
