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决策偏差对预测目击证人列队辨认选择的重要性：迈向列队辨认技能测试

The importance of decision bias for predicting eyewitness lineup choices: toward a Lineup Skills Test.

作者信息

Baldassari Mario J, Kantner Justin, Lindsay D Stephen

机构信息

Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700, STN CSC, Victoria, BC, V8W2Y2, Canada.

Department of Psychology, California State University, Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA, 91330, USA.

出版信息

Cogn Res Princ Implic. 2019 Jan 28;4(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s41235-018-0150-3.

DOI:10.1186/s41235-018-0150-3
PMID:30693377
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6352739/
Abstract

UNLABELLED

ᅟ: We report on research on individual-difference measures that could be used to assess the validity of eyewitness identification decisions.

BACKGROUND

The predictive utility of face recognition tasks for eyewitness identification has received some attention from psychologists, but the previous research focused primarily on witnesses' likelihood of correctly choosing the culprit when present in a lineup. Far less discussed has been individual differences in witnesses' proclivity to choose from a lineup that does not contain the culprit. We designed a two-alternative non-forced-choice face recognition task (consisting of mini-lineup test pairs, half old/new and half new/new) to predict witnesses' proclivity to choose for a set of culprit-absent lineups associated with earlier-viewed crime videos.

RESULTS

In two studies involving a total of 402 participants, proclivity to choose on new/new pairs predicted mistaken identifications on culprit-absent lineups, with r values averaging .43. The likelihood of choosing correctly on old/new pairs (a measure of face recognition skill) was only weakly predictive of correct identifications in culprit-present lineups (mean r of .22).

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings could be the basis for further research aimed at developing a standardized measure of proclivity to choose that could be used, along with other measures, to weigh eyewitnesses' lineup identification decisions.

摘要

未标注

我们报告了关于个体差异测量的研究，这些测量可用于评估目击证人辨认决定的有效性。

背景

人脸识别任务对目击证人辨认的预测效用已受到心理学家的一些关注，但先前的研究主要集中在证人在列队辨认中出现罪犯时正确选择罪犯的可能性。而关于证人在不包含罪犯的列队中进行选择的倾向方面的个体差异，讨论得要少得多。我们设计了一项二选一的非强制选择人脸识别任务（由迷你列队测试对组成，一半是旧/新对，一半是新/新对），以预测证人对与早期观看的犯罪视频相关的一组无罪犯列队进行选择的倾向。

结果

在两项总共涉及402名参与者的研究中，在新/新对上进行选择的倾向预测了在无罪犯列队中的错误辨认，r值平均为0.43。在旧/新对上正确选择的可能性（一种人脸识别技能的测量方法）对有罪犯列队中的正确辨认的预测作用较弱（平均r为0.22）。

结论

我们的发现可为进一步研究提供基础，该研究旨在开发一种标准化的选择倾向测量方法，该方法可与其他测量方法一起用于权衡目击证人的列队辨认决定。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b6a5/6352739/91ab9a93b089/41235_2018_150_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b6a5/6352739/8537b2f730d2/41235_2018_150_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b6a5/6352739/dbaacee63239/41235_2018_150_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b6a5/6352739/5ba8fcafffff/41235_2018_150_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b6a5/6352739/4761749aa1c7/41235_2018_150_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b6a5/6352739/91ab9a93b089/41235_2018_150_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b6a5/6352739/8537b2f730d2/41235_2018_150_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b6a5/6352739/dbaacee63239/41235_2018_150_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b6a5/6352739/5ba8fcafffff/41235_2018_150_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b6a5/6352739/4761749aa1c7/41235_2018_150_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b6a5/6352739/91ab9a93b089/41235_2018_150_Fig5_HTML.jpg

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