Panda Sasmita, Dash Sashibhusan, Besra Kusumbati, Samantaray Sagarika, Pathy Pramod Chandra, Rout Niranjan
Department of Pathology, A.H. Regional Cancer Centre, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
Department of Head and Neck Oncology, A.H. Regional Cancer Centre, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
Indian J Cancer. 2018 Jul-Sep;55(3):292-296. doi: 10.4103/ijc.IJC_612_17.
: Malignant melanoma is a tumor of melanocytic origin. Although uncommon in India as compared with the west, its prevalence is increasing.
To document the pattern of clinicopathological features of malignant melanoma cases attending in a regional cancer center in eastern India.
The present study was a retrospective study of 182 cases diagnosed histopathologically as malignant melanoma during 2011-2016.
Out of the total cases, 170 (93.4%) were cutaneous and 12 (6.6%) were noncutaneous melanoma. The most common age group was sixth decade with a male predominance. Conventional melanotic melanomas were 176 (96.70%), and only 6 cases (3.30%) were amelanotic melanoma. Among noncutaneous melanomas, 6 were in anorectum, 2 in conjunctiva, and 1 case each in nasal cavity, palate, gingivo-buccal sulcus, and vagina. The acrallentigenous type was the most common variety, and the mixed epithelioid and spindle cell type was the most common histopathological pattern. Clark's level III was the most common level of invasion.
The lower extremity is the most common site for melanoma, whereas extracutaneous melanomas are exceedingly rare and aggressive neoplasms. Melanoma can metastasize to regional lymph nodes, however, visceral metastasis to liver can also occur. In the absence of pigment in amelanotic melanoma, immunohistochemical markers such as HMB 45 can be used for definitive diagnosis.
恶性黑色素瘤是一种起源于黑素细胞的肿瘤。尽管与西方相比在印度并不常见，但其患病率正在上升。
记录印度东部一家地区癌症中心就诊的恶性黑色素瘤病例的临床病理特征模式。
本研究是一项对2011年至2016年间经组织病理学诊断为恶性黑色素瘤的182例病例的回顾性研究。
在所有病例中，170例（93.4%）为皮肤黑色素瘤，12例（6.6%）为非皮肤黑色素瘤。最常见的年龄组是第六个十年，男性占主导。传统的黑素性黑色素瘤有176例（96.70%），只有6例（3.30%）为无黑素性黑色素瘤。在非皮肤黑色素瘤中，6例位于直肠肛管，2例位于结膜，鼻腔、腭、牙龈颊沟和阴道各1例。肢端起源型是最常见的类型，混合上皮样和梭形细胞型是最常见的组织病理学模式。克拉克III级是最常见的浸润级别。
下肢是黑色素瘤最常见的部位，而皮肤外黑色素瘤极为罕见且具有侵袭性。黑色素瘤可转移至区域淋巴结，然而，也可发生肝的内脏转移。在无黑素性黑色素瘤缺乏色素的情况下，免疫组化标记物如HMB 45可用于明确诊断。
