Kontturi Miia, Junni Reijo, Simojoki Heli, Malinen Erja, Seuna Eija, Klitgaard Kirstine, Kujala-Wirth Minna, Soveri Timo, Pelkonen Sinikka
Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Paroninkuja 20, 04920, Saarentaus, Finland.
Veterinary Bacteriology and Pathology unit, Finnish Food Authority, Mustialankatu 3, 00790, Helsinki, Finland.
BMC Vet Res. 2019 Jan 29;15(1):44. doi: 10.1186/s12917-019-1788-x.
Severe outbreaks of bovine interdigital phlegmon (IP) have occurred recently in several free stall dairy herds in Finland. We studied the aetiology of IP in such herds, and the association of bacterial species with the various stages of IP and herds of various morbidity of IP. Nineteen free stall dairy herds with IP outbreaks and three control herds were visited and bacteriological samples collected from cows suffering from IP (n = 106), other hoof diseases (n = 58), and control cows (n = 64). The herds were divided into high morbidity (morbidity ≥50%) and moderate morbidity groups (9-33%) based on morbidity during the first two months of the outbreak.
F. necrophorum subspecies necrophorum was clearly associated with IP in general, and T. pyogenes was associated with the healing stage of IP. Six other major hoof pathogens were detected; Dichelobacter nodosus, Porphyromonas levii, Prevotella melaninogenica, Treponema spp. and Trueperella pyogenes. Most of the samples of acute IP (66.7%) harboured both F. necrophorum and D. nodosus. We found differences between moderate morbidity and high morbidity herds. D. nodosus was more common in IP lesion in high than in moderate morbidity herds.
Our result confirms that F. necrophorum subspecies necrophorum is the main pathogen in IP, but also T. pyogenes is associated with the healing stage of IP. Our results suggest that D. nodosus may play a role in the severity of the outbreak of IP, but further research is needed to establish other bacteriological factors behind these severe outbreaks.
最近在芬兰的几个散栏式奶牛场中发生了严重的牛指间蜂窝织炎（IP）疫情。我们研究了此类牛群中IP的病因，以及细菌种类与IP不同阶段和不同IP发病率牛群之间的关联。走访了19个发生IP疫情的散栏式奶牛场和3个对照牛场，从患有IP的奶牛（n = 106）、其他蹄部疾病的奶牛（n = 58）和对照奶牛（n = 64）中采集细菌学样本。根据疫情爆发头两个月的发病率，将牛群分为高发病率（发病率≥50%）和中等发病率组（9 - 33%）。
坏死梭杆菌坏死亚种总体上与IP明显相关，化脓隐秘杆菌与IP的愈合阶段相关。还检测到其他六种主要的蹄部病原体；结节双歧杆菌、莱氏卟啉单胞菌、产黑色素普雷沃菌、密螺旋体属和化脓放线杆菌。大多数急性IP样本（66.7%）同时含有坏死梭杆菌和结节双歧杆菌。我们发现中等发病率和高发病率牛群之间存在差异。结节双歧杆菌在高发病率牛群的IP病变中比在中等发病率牛群中更常见。
我们的结果证实坏死梭杆菌坏死亚种是IP的主要病原体，但化脓隐秘杆菌也与IP的愈合阶段相关。我们的结果表明结节双歧杆菌可能在IP疫情的严重程度中起作用，但需要进一步研究以确定这些严重疫情背后的其他细菌学因素。
