Chen Yu, Yang Xue, Gu Chun-Yan, Zhang Ai-Fang, Gao Tong-Chun, Zhou Ming-Guo
Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, China; and Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Hefei, Ministry of Agriculture, China.
College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Plant Dis. 2015 Mar;99(3):342-346. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-04-14-0381-RE.
Fusarium asiaticum is a causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat in the southern part of China. Carbendazim has been extensively used for controlling FHB for more than 30 years, leading to the widespread carbendazim-resistant isolates in all major wheat-producing provinces in China, especially in Anhui Province. F. asiaticum isolates were collected throughout Anhui Province between 2010 and 2012 to monitor their sensitivity to carbendazim. In total, 74 of 899 single-spore isolates F. asiaticum were found to be resistant to carbendazim. Resistant isolates were collected from all of the sampled sites except Hefei of Anhui Province. The overall frequency of carbendazim resistance was shown to be 8.2%. Of the 74 isolates, 1, 68, and 5 had low resistance (LR), moderate resistance (MR) ,and high resistance (HR), respectively, to carbendazim. Five types of point mutations (F167Y, E198L, E198K, F200Y, and E198Q) in the β-tubulin gene conferring resistance to carbendazim were detected in the field-resistant isolates with frequencies of 89.2, 2.7, 4.1, 2.7, and 1.4%, respectively. The point mutations at codon 167, 198, or 200 of the β-tubulin gene were correlated with different levels of carbendazim resistance. Some of the sensitive and resistant isolates appeared to possess different biological characteristics; however, these might not be due to resistance. Because carbendazim resistance was generally widespread throughout Anhui Province, the sensitivity of F. asiaticum populations to carbendazim should be constantly monitored for the development of carbendazim resistance in natural populations.
禾谷镰刀菌是中国南方小麦赤霉病的病原菌。多菌灵已被广泛用于防治赤霉病30多年，导致中国所有主要小麦产区，尤其是安徽省，多菌灵抗性菌株广泛存在。2010年至2012年期间，在安徽省各地收集了禾谷镰刀菌分离株，以监测它们对多菌灵的敏感性。在899个单孢禾谷镰刀菌分离株中，总共发现74株对多菌灵具有抗性。除安徽省合肥市外，在所有采样地点均收集到了抗性分离株。多菌灵抗性的总体频率为8.2%。在这74个分离株中，分别有1株、68株和5株对多菌灵具有低抗（LR）、中抗（MR）和高抗（HR）。在田间抗性分离株中检测到β-微管蛋白基因中导致对多菌灵抗性的5种点突变（F167Y、E198L、E198K、F200Y和E198Q），频率分别为89.2%、2.7%、4.1%、2.7%和1.4%。β-微管蛋白基因第167、198或200位密码子的点突变与不同水平的多菌灵抗性相关。一些敏感和抗性分离株似乎具有不同的生物学特性；然而，这些可能不是由抗性引起的。由于多菌灵抗性在安徽省普遍存在，应持续监测禾谷镰刀菌种群对多菌灵的敏感性，以了解自然种群中多菌灵抗性的发展情况。
