Afanador-Kafuri Lucía, González Alonso, Gañán Lederson, Mejía Juan Fernando, Cardona Nadya, Alvarez Elizabeth
Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Colombia-Medellín, A. A. 1779, Medellín, Colombia.
Tropical Fruit Project, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), A. A. 6713, Cali, Colombia.
Plant Dis. 2014 Nov;98(11):1503-1513. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-07-13-0752-RE.
Since 1992, anthracnose of Andean blackberry (Rubus glaucus) has generated losses as high as 40% for farmers in Colombia. In this study, our goal was to characterize 240 Colletotrichum isolates from Andean blackberry in eight areas of Colombia. These isolates were evaluated according to morphological characteristics, sensitivity to benomyl, pathogenicity, and genetic variability. Identification of the genus Colletotrichum was achieved by using species complex-specific polymerase chain reaction primers. A multilocus phylogeny approach was used to identify isolates to the species level with sequences from the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region and partial sequences of the actin, β-tubulin 2, calmodulin, chitin synthase 1, glutamine synthetase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase genes. Most of the isolates were identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato, were associated with the Castilla ecotype, showed high sensitivity to benomyl, and were highly aggressive. Isolates identified as C. acutatum sensu lato were found mainly on the Thornless ecotype, were highly resistant to benomyl, and showed intermediate aggressiveness. Only three isolates were identified as C. boninense sensu lato. The species identified included C. fructicola, C. kahawae subsp. ciggaro, C. godetiae, C. karstii, C. brassicicola, and undetermined Colletotrichum spp. This study is the first report of these species associated with anthracnose in Andean blackberry.
自1992年以来，哥伦比亚安第斯黑莓（Rubus glaucus）炭疽病给当地农民造成了高达40%的损失。在本研究中，我们的目标是对来自哥伦比亚八个地区的240株安第斯黑莓炭疽病菌分离株进行特征分析。这些分离株根据形态特征、对苯菌灵的敏感性、致病性和遗传变异性进行评估。通过使用物种复合特异性聚合酶链反应引物来鉴定炭疽菌属。采用多位点系统发育方法，利用核糖体内部转录间隔区序列以及肌动蛋白、β-微管蛋白2、钙调蛋白、几丁质合酶1、谷氨酰胺合成酶和甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶基因的部分序列，将分离株鉴定到种水平。大多数分离株被鉴定为广义的胶孢炭疽菌（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides），与卡斯蒂利亚生态型相关，对苯菌灵高度敏感，且具有高度侵袭性。被鉴定为广义的尖孢炭疽菌（C. acutatum）的分离株主要在无刺生态型上发现，对苯菌灵高度耐药，且侵袭性中等。仅鉴定出三株为广义的香蕉炭疽菌（C. boninense）。鉴定出的物种包括嗜果炭疽菌（C. fructicola）、咖啡炭疽菌卡哈瓦亚种（C. kahawae subsp. ciggaro）、戈代炭疽菌（C. godetiae）、喀斯特炭疽菌（C. karstii）、芸苔炭疽菌（C. brassicicola）以及未确定的炭疽菌属物种。本研究是这些物种与安第斯黑莓炭疽病相关的首次报道。
