Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Forestry and Fruit Tree Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
Shanghai Agricultural Seed & Seedling Co., Ltd.
Plant Dis. 2020 Jul;104(7):1960-1968. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-10-19-2241-RE. Epub 2020 May 13.
Strawberry anthracnose caused by spp. is one of the most serious diseases in the strawberry fields of China. In total, 196 isolates of were obtained from leaves, stolons, and crowns of strawberry plants with anthracnose symptoms in eastern China and were characterized based on morphology, internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and β- () gene sequences. All 196 isolates were identified as the species complex. In total, 62 strains were further identified at the species level by phylogenetic analyses of multilocus sequences of ITS, (), (), (), (), and . Three species from the species complex were identified: , . , and . . Isolates of . were tolerant to high temperatures, with a significantly larger colony diameter than the other two species when grown above 36°C. The inoculation of strawberry plants confirmed the pathogenicity of all three species. . isolates resulted in the highest disease severity. The in vitro sensitivities of . and . isolates to azoxystrobin and three demethylation-inhibitor (DMI) fungicides (difenoconazole, tebuconazole, and prochloraz) were determined. Both species were sensitive to DMI fungicides but not to azoxystrobin. . isolates were more sensitive to prochloraz, while isolates were more sensitive to difenoconazole and tebuconazole. The present study provides valuable information for the effective management of strawberry anthracnose.
草莓炭疽病由炭疽病菌引起，是中国草莓种植区最严重的病害之一。本研究从中国东部草莓炭疽病病叶、匍匐茎和根冠中分离到 196 株炭疽病菌，基于形态学、内转录间隔区（ITS）和 β-微管蛋白（β-）基因序列对其进行了鉴定。所有 196 株炭疽病菌均被鉴定为炭疽病菌种复合种。通过 ITS、（）、（）、（）、（）和 多位点序列系统发育分析，进一步鉴定了 62 株炭疽病菌种复合种菌株。鉴定出 3 个种，分别为炭疽病菌、胶孢炭疽病菌和草莓炭疽病菌。其中，炭疽病菌在高温下具有较强的耐受性，在 36°C 以上时其菌落直径显著大于其他两个种。草莓植株接种试验证实了这 3 个种的致病性。炭疽病菌的分离物导致的草莓炭疽病严重度最高。测定了炭疽病菌和胶孢炭疽病菌对嘧菌酯和 3 种脱甲基抑制剂（DMI）杀菌剂（氟环唑、戊唑醇和丙环唑）的体外敏感性。这两个种均对 DMI 杀菌剂敏感，但对嘧菌酯不敏感。胶孢炭疽病菌对丙环唑更敏感，而炭疽病菌对氟环唑和戊唑醇更敏感。本研究为草莓炭疽病的有效防治提供了有价值的信息。
