Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4051, Basel, Switzerland.
University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Int J Public Health. 2019 May;64(4):499-510. doi: 10.1007/s00038-019-01206-3. Epub 2019 Jan 30.
We tested whether objectively assessed neighbourhood characteristics are associated with moderate-to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and cycling in Swiss children and adolescents and assessed the mediating role of the perception of the environment.
The cross-sectional analyses were based on data of 1306 participants aged 6-16 years of the population-based SOPHYA study. MVPA was measured by accelerometry, time spent cycling and the perceived environment by questionnaire. Objective environmental parameters at the residential address were GIS derived. In all analyses, personal, social and environmental factors were considered.
MVPA showed significant positive associations with perceived personal safety and perceived access to green spaces but not with respective objective parameters. Objectively assessed main street density and shorter distance to the next public transport were associated with less cycling in adolescents. Parents' perceptions did not mediate the observed associations of the objectively assessed environment with MVPA and cycling.
Associations between the environment and physical activity differ by domain. In spatial planning efforts to improve objective environments should be complemented with efforts to increase parental sense of security.
我们检验了瑞士儿童和青少年的客观评估邻里特征与中等到剧烈的身体活动（MVPA）和骑自行车之间的关系，并评估了环境感知的中介作用。
基于基于人群的 SOPHYA 研究的 1306 名 6-16 岁参与者的数据进行了横断面分析。MVPA 通过加速度计测量，骑自行车的时间和通过问卷感知环境。在居住地址的客观环境参数由 GIS 得出。在所有分析中，都考虑了个人、社会和环境因素。
MVPA 与感知到的个人安全和感知到的绿色空间可达性呈显著正相关，但与相应的客观参数无关。客观评估的主要街道密度和到下一个公共交通的较短距离与青少年骑自行车的次数减少有关。父母的感知并不能解释客观环境评估与 MVPA 和骑自行车之间的观察到的关联。
环境与身体活动之间的关联因领域而异。在空间规划工作中，应加强改善客观环境的努力，并提高父母的安全感。
