Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, 4123, Allschwil, Switzerland.
University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, Basel, Switzerland.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Oct 19;24(1):2883. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20373-4.
The SOPHYA-cohort-study investigated whether the objectively characterized and perceived residential neighborhood of Swiss youth predict accelerometer-measured physical activity and activity in specific domains (participation in a sports club and cycling) five years later.
At baseline in 2014, 1230 children and adolescents aged 6 to 16 years participated and wore accelerometers for 7 days. Of these children, 447 participated again in the follow-up study in 2019 and provided longitudinal accelerometer measurements. Sociodemographic factors and perceptions of the local neighbourhood were assessed by questionnaire. Specific objective environmental data (e.g. built environment or social environment) was modelled to the children's address at baseline. Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were applied to identify short- and long-term characteristics that are associated with accelerometer-based physical activity, cycling and participation in organised sport.
If the neighborhood-score as perceived by the parents in 2014 was in the middle or lowest tertile, children were significantly less active cross-sectionally in 2014 (-41.1 (-78.0;-4.2) and -52.4 (-88.6;-16.2) counts per minute, cpm), and five years later (-52.4 (-88.6;-16.2) and 48.1 (-86.6;-9.7) cpm). In addition, they were also less likely to accumulate active minutes above the median at both measuring points compared to peers of the same age and sex. Using objective environmental data modeled around the children's residential address, similar associations were found: In the tertile with the lowest proportion of green space children achieved less cpm in 2014, while a high main street density and a low socioeconomic environment, respectively, hindered physical activity tracking above the median longitudinally. Also for cycling and participation in a sport club, the associations with the perceived and objective environment were more pronounced in the longitudinal analyses.
The results suggest that growing up in a physical activity friendly neighborhood increases the likelihood of remaining active during adolescence and early adulthood. Interventions should be implemented to ensure that children growing up in an unfavorable neighborhood do not fall behind at an early stage.
SOPHYA 队列研究旨在探讨瑞士青少年客观描述和感知的居住社区是否能预测五年后计步器测量的身体活动和特定领域的活动（参加体育俱乐部和骑自行车）。
在 2014 年的基线调查中，1230 名 6 至 16 岁的儿童和青少年参与了研究并佩戴了 7 天的计步器。其中 447 人在 2019 年再次参加了随访研究，并提供了纵向计步器测量数据。通过问卷调查评估了社会人口因素和对当地社区的看法。特定的客观环境数据（例如，建筑环境或社会环境）被建模到儿童在基线时的地址。应用多元线性和逻辑回归模型来确定与基于计步器的身体活动、骑自行车和参加有组织运动相关的短期和长期特征。
如果 2014 年父母感知的邻里评分处于中等或最低三分位，则儿童在 2014 年的横断面活动明显较少（-41.1（-78.0；-4.2）和-52.4（-88.6；-16.2）计数/分钟，cpm），五年后也较少（-52.4（-88.6；-16.2）和 48.1（-86.6；-9.7）cpm）。此外，与同龄同性别相比，他们在两个测量点的活跃分钟数也低于中位数。使用围绕儿童居住地址建模的客观环境数据，也发现了类似的关联：在绿色空间比例最低的三分位中，儿童在 2014 年的计步器读数较低，而主街密度高和社会经济环境低分别阻碍了纵向的中位数以上的身体活动跟踪。对于骑自行车和参加运动俱乐部，感知和客观环境的关联在纵向分析中更为明显。
结果表明，在一个有利于身体活动的社区中成长会增加青少年和成年早期保持活跃的可能性。应实施干预措施，以确保在不利社区中成长的儿童不会在早期落后。
