Gafarov V V, Panov D O, Gromova E A, Gagulin I V, Gafarova A V, Krymov E A
FSBI Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia.
Collaborative laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases Epidemiology, Novosibirsk, Russia.
Ter Arkh. 2018 Feb 14;90(1):36-44. doi: 10.26442/terarkh201890136-44.
To determine the 23-year dynamics (1994-2016) of attitudes toward one's health, behavioral characteristics and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in an open population among women 25-44 years old in Russia / Siberia (Novosibirsk).
In the framework of the third screening of the MONICA program for the study of trends and control of cardiovascular diseases and the MONICA-psychosocial (MOPSY) subprogram, in 1994 a random representative sample of women aged 25-64 years of age from one from the districts of Novosibirsk (n = 870, the average age is 45.4±0.4 years); in the age group 25-44 years - 284 persons. In 2016 years. in the framework of screening studies on the budgetary issue of NIITPM No. gos. reg. 01201282292, a random representative sample of women aged 25-44 years old in the same district of Novosibirsk (n = 540) was examined. Attitude to their health, behavioral characteristics and the prevention of cardiovascular diseases were studied using the "Knowledge and attitude to their health" scale, validated for the Russian population under the WHO "MONICA" program. The chi-square test (x2) was used to calculate the indices. The criterion of statistical significance was the reliability of the result at p<0.05.
The analysis showed that in the open population among women aged 25-44 years, there is a positive dynamics in assessing their health (21% and 50.7%, respectively). But, despite this, 50% of women negatively assess their health and 96% note the probability of getting a serious illness for 5-10 years. Most women believe in the ability of medicine to successfully prevent and treat heart disease, but the proportion of people using health resources for preventive purposes remains extremely low and does not exceed 10%. In the open population among women aged 25-44 years for 23 years there is an increase in stress in the workplace and the trend of growth in changes in marital status. Recorded in the period 1994-2016 gg. changes in the behavior of women associated with health: increased the proportion of people who gave up smoking and regularly doing physical exercises, and improved eating behavior.
It was found that among women aged 25-44 years there is a positive dynamics in relation to the prevention of behavioral risk factors for CVD. But despite this, half of women negatively assess their health and use health resources only slightly.
确定俄罗斯西伯利亚新西伯利亚市25 - 44岁女性开放人群中对自身健康的态度、行为特征及心血管疾病预防情况的23年动态变化（1994 - 2016年）。
在心血管疾病趋势研究与控制的莫尼卡（MONICA）项目第三次筛查及莫尼卡 - 心理社会（MOPSY）子项目框架下，1994年从新西伯利亚市一个区随机抽取了870名年龄在25 - 64岁的女性作为代表性样本（平均年龄为45.4±0.4岁）；其中25 - 44岁年龄组有284人。2016年，在俄罗斯国家医学研究中心预防医学研究所国家注册号为01201282292的预算项目筛查研究框架下，对新西伯利亚市同一区25 - 44岁的女性进行了随机抽样检查（n = 540）。使用在世界卫生组织“莫尼卡”项目下针对俄罗斯人群验证过的“对自身健康的认知与态度”量表，研究对自身健康的态度、行为特征及心血管疾病预防情况。采用卡方检验（x²）计算各项指标。统计学显著性标准为p<0.05时结果具有可靠性。
分析表明，在25 - 44岁女性的开放人群中，对自身健康的评估呈现积极变化（分别为21%和50.7%）。但是，尽管如此，仍有50%的女性对自身健康给予负面评价，且96%的女性认为在未来5 - 10年内有患重病的可能性。大多数女性相信医学有能力成功预防和治疗心脏病，但将健康资源用于预防目的的人群比例仍然极低，不超过10%。在25 - 44岁女性的开放人群中，23年来工作场所压力有所增加，婚姻状况变化呈上升趋势。记录了1994 - 2016年期间女性与健康相关行为的变化：戒烟和定期进行体育锻炼的人群比例增加，饮食行为有所改善。
研究发现，在25 - 44岁女性中，在预防心血管疾病行为危险因素方面存在积极变化。但尽管如此，仍有一半女性对自身健康给予负面评价，且对健康资源的利用程度很低。
