Steinglass Joanna E, Berner Laura A, Attia Evelyn
Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 98, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, Eating Disorders Center for Treatment and Research, 4510 Executive Drive, Suite 330, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2019 Mar;42(1):75-91. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2018.10.008. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are characterized by severely restricted intake, binge eating, and compensatory behaviors like self-induced vomiting. The neurobiological underpinnings of these maladaptive behaviors are poorly understood, but the application of cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging to eating disorders has begun to elucidate their pathophysiology. Specifically, this review focuses on 3 areas that suggest paths forward: reward, cognitive and behavioral control, and decision making. Understanding the brain-based mechanisms that promote and maintain these often chronic symptoms could guide the development of new and more effective treatments.
神经性厌食症和神经性贪食症的特征是摄入严重受限、暴饮暴食以及诸如自我催吐等代偿行为。这些适应不良行为的神经生物学基础尚不清楚,但认知神经科学和神经影像学在饮食失调中的应用已开始阐明其病理生理学。具体而言,本综述聚焦于三个领域,这些领域为未来指明了方向:奖赏、认知与行为控制以及决策。了解促进和维持这些往往具有慢性特征症状的基于大脑的机制,可为开发新的、更有效的治疗方法提供指导。