Upper extremity entrapment neuropathies are common and can cause pain, sensory loss, and muscle weakness that lead to functional disability. In this article, the authors review common entrapment neuropathies of the upper extremities, including median neuropathy at the wrist (carpal tunnel syndrome), ulnar neuropathy at the elbow, and radial neuropathy. The authors discuss the pathophysiology of nerve compression and typical etiologies, as well as strategies for differentiating between common mimics such as cervical radiculopathy and for selecting between various treatment modalities.