Kuenzel W J, McMurtry J
Department of Poultry Science, University of Maryland, College Park 20742.
Physiol Behav. 1988;44(4-5):669-78. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(88)90334-4.
A rich network of NPY-like immunoreactive fibers was found in the paraventricular nucleus and the ventromedial region of the hypothalamus juxtapositioned to the third ventricle, including the median eminence. Brain regions, areas or nuclei found densely innervated by NPY-like immunoreactive fibers included the olfactory bulb region, septal area, organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, preoptic periventricular nucleus, hypothalamic periventricular nucleus, medial suprachiasmatic nucleus, subseptal (subfornical) organ, ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, infundibular nucleus and nucleus tractus solitarius. NPY-like containing perikarya were localized within the hippocampus, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and surrounding the nucleus rotundus and nucleus of the basal optic root. Since the immunocytochemical study showed that NPY was localized in brain structures known to alter food intake and the compound is a member of the pancreatic polypeptide family, a second study was designed to determine if the neuropeptide altered plasma concentrations of insulin, glucagon and glucose following intracerebroventricular administration. It was found that NPY significantly increased plasma concentration of insulin. It is proposed that two reasons why NPY is such a potent orexigenic agent is that the paraventricular nucleus and structures surrounding the third ventricle throughout the ventromedial hypothalamic region show high levels of NPY-like immunoreactivity. Secondly, NPY effects an increase in plasma insulin in the periphery.
在室旁核以及下丘脑与第三脑室相邻的腹内侧区域，包括正中隆起，发现了丰富的神经肽Y（NPY）样免疫反应性纤维网络。发现被NPY样免疫反应性纤维密集支配的脑区、区域或核团包括嗅球区域、隔区、终板血管器、视前室周核、下丘脑室周核、内侧视交叉上核、隔下（穹窿下）器官、下丘脑腹内侧核、漏斗核和孤束核。含NPY的神经元胞体位于海马、终纹床核以及环绕圆核和视束核的区域。由于免疫细胞化学研究表明NPY定位于已知会改变食物摄入的脑结构中，且该化合物是胰多肽家族的一员，因此设计了第二项研究来确定该神经肽在脑室内给药后是否会改变胰岛素、胰高血糖素和葡萄糖的血浆浓度。结果发现NPY显著提高了胰岛素的血浆浓度。有人提出，NPY是一种如此有效的促食欲剂的两个原因是，室旁核以及整个下丘脑腹内侧区域围绕第三脑室的结构显示出高水平的NPY样免疫反应性。其次，NPY在外周会使血浆胰岛素增加。
