Payandeh Zahra, Yarahmadi Maral, Nariman-Saleh-Fam Ziba, Tarhriz Vahideh, Islami Maryam, Aghdam Abdolreza Mehdinavaz, Eyvazi Shirin
Immunology Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Cell Physiol. 2019 Sep;234(9):14612-14621. doi: 10.1002/jcp.28181. Epub 2019 Jan 31.
Melanoma is the most serious type of skin cancer which develops from the occurrence of genetic mutations in the melanocytes. Based on the features of melanoma tumors such as location, genetic profile and stage, there are several therapeutic strategies including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, because of the appearance resistance mechanisms, the efficiency of these treatments strategies may be reduced. It has been demonstrated that therapeutic monoclonal antibodies can improve the efficiency of melanoma therapies. Recently, several mAbs, such as nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and ipilimumab, were approved for the immunotherapy of melanoma. The antibodies inhibit immune checkpoint receptors such as CTL4 and pd-1. Another therapeutic strategy for the treatment of melanoma is cancer vaccines, which improve clinical outcomes in patients. The combination therapy using antibodies and gene vaccine give us a new perspective in the treatment of melanoma patients. Herein, we present the recent progressions in the melanoma immunotherapy, especially dendritic cells mRNA vaccines by reviewing recent literature.
黑色素瘤是最严重的一种皮肤癌，它由黑素细胞发生基因突变发展而来。根据黑色素瘤肿瘤的特征，如位置、基因图谱和分期，有多种治疗策略，包括手术、化疗和放疗。然而，由于出现了耐药机制，这些治疗策略的效果可能会降低。已证明治疗性单克隆抗体可提高黑色素瘤治疗的效果。最近，几种单克隆抗体，如纳武单抗、派姆单抗和伊匹单抗，被批准用于黑色素瘤的免疫治疗。这些抗体抑制免疫检查点受体，如细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4（CTL4）和程序性死亡受体1（pd-1）。治疗黑色素瘤的另一种治疗策略是癌症疫苗，它可改善患者的临床结局。抗体与基因疫苗的联合疗法为黑色素瘤患者的治疗提供了新的视角。在此，我们通过回顾近期文献，介绍黑色素瘤免疫治疗的最新进展，特别是树突状细胞信使核糖核酸疫苗。
