Parhi Rabinarayan, Kaishap Partha Pratim, Jena Goutam Kumar
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Susruta School of Medical and Paramedical Sciences, Assam University (A Central University), Silchar-788011, Assam, India.
Roland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Berhampur-7600010, Odisha, India.
ADMET DMPK. 2023 Oct 24;12(1):107-150. doi: 10.5599/admet.2088. eCollection 2024.
Safe and effective drug delivery is crucial for the treatment of cancer, which is quite impossible to achieve through traditional methods. Among all types of cancer, skin melanoma is known for its aggressive metastasizing ability and an unprecedented higher degree of lethalness, limiting the overall therapeutic efficacy. Here, we focus on the different types of nanomaterials (NMs) and their drug delivery applications against melanoma.
All relevant publications, including research papers, reviews, chapters and patents, were assessed using search engines such as Scopus and PubMed, up to the end of August of 2023. The keywords used in the search were: nanomaterials, melanoma, drug delivery routes for melanoma, and nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems (DDS). Most of the publications out of 234 cited in this review are from the last five years.
The recent advancement and mechanism of action of various NMs against melanoma, including inorganic metallic and carbon-based NMs, organic polymeric and lipid-based NMs, and cell-derived vesicles are discussed. We also focus on the application of different NMs in the delivery of therapeutic agents for melanoma therapy. In addition, the skin and melanoma, genetic mutation and pathways for melanoma, conventional treatment options, and delivery routes for therapeutic agents are also discussed briefly.
There are few NM-based DDS developed in the lab set up recently. The findings of this review will pave the path for the development of NM-based DDS on an industrial scale and help in the better management of skin melanoma.
安全有效的药物递送对于癌症治疗至关重要，而通过传统方法很难实现这一点。在所有类型的癌症中，皮肤黑色素瘤以其侵袭性转移能力和前所未有的高致死率而闻名，这限制了整体治疗效果。在此，我们聚焦于不同类型的纳米材料及其在黑色素瘤治疗中的药物递送应用。
使用Scopus和PubMed等搜索引擎对截至2023年8月底的所有相关出版物进行评估，包括研究论文、综述、章节和专利。搜索中使用的关键词为：纳米材料、黑色素瘤、黑色素瘤的药物递送途径以及基于纳米材料的药物递送系统（DDS）。本综述引用的234篇出版物中，大部分来自过去五年。
讨论了各种纳米材料针对黑色素瘤的最新进展和作用机制，包括无机金属和碳基纳米材料、有机聚合物和脂质基纳米材料以及细胞衍生囊泡。我们还关注不同纳米材料在黑色素瘤治疗药物递送中的应用。此外，还简要讨论了皮肤与黑色素瘤、黑色素瘤的基因突变和途径、传统治疗选择以及治疗药物的递送途径。
最近在实验室中开发的基于纳米材料的药物递送系统较少。本综述的研究结果将为基于纳米材料的药物递送系统的工业化开发铺平道路，并有助于更好地管理皮肤黑色素瘤。
