Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
Physiol Plant. 2019 May;166(1):460-471. doi: 10.1111/ppl.12935. Epub 2019 Mar 4.
Mimicking photosynthesis in generating chemical fuels from sunlight is a promising strategy to alleviate society's demand for fossil fuels. However, this approach involves a number of challenges that must be overcome before this concept can emerge as a viable solution to society's energy demand. Particularly in artificial photosynthesis, the catalytic chemistry that converts energy in the form of electricity into carbon-based fuels and chemicals has yet to be developed. Here, we describe the foundational work and future prospects of an emerging and promising class of materials: metal- and covalent-organic frameworks (MOFs and COFs). Within this context, these porous and tuneable framework materials have achieved initial success in converting abundant feedstocks (H O and CO ) into chemicals and fuels. In this review, we first highlight key achievements in this direction. We then follow with a perspective on precisely how MOFs and COFs can perform in ways not possible with conventional molecular or heterogeneous catalysts. We conclude with a view on how spectroscopically probing MOF and COF catalysis can be used to elucidate reaction mechanisms and material dynamics throughout the course of reaction.
模仿光合作用，利用阳光生成化学燃料是缓解社会对化石燃料需求的一种很有前途的策略。然而，在这一概念成为满足社会能源需求的可行方案之前，还需要克服许多挑战。特别是在人工光合作用中，将电能转化为碳基燃料和化学品的催化化学仍有待开发。在这里，我们描述了一类新兴且有前途的材料：金属-有机框架（MOFs）和共价有机框架（COFs）的基础工作和未来前景。在这方面，这些多孔且可调谐的框架材料在将丰富的原料（H2O 和 CO2）转化为化学品和燃料方面取得了初步成功。在这篇综述中，我们首先重点介绍了这一方向的关键成就。然后，我们探讨了 MOFs 和 COFs 如何以常规分子或多相催化剂不可能的方式发挥作用。最后，我们还讨论了如何通过光谱探测 MOF 和 COF 催化作用来阐明反应过程中反应机制和材料动力学。
