Arias Elizabeth, Xu Jiaquan
Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2018 Nov;67(7):1-64.
Objectives-This report presents complete period life tables for the United States by race, Hispanic origin, and sex, based on agespecific death rates in 2015. Methods-Data used to prepare the 2015 life tables are 2015 final mortality statistics; July 1, 2015, population estimates based on the 2010 decennial census; and 2015 Medicare data for persons aged 66-99. The methodology used to estimate the life tables for the Hispanic population remains unchanged from that developed for the publication of life tables by Hispanic origin for data year 2006. The methodology used to estimate the 2015 life tables for all other groups was first implemented with data year 2008. Results-In 2015, the overall expectation of life at birth was 78.7 years, decreasing by 0.2 year from 2014. From 2014 to 2015, life expectancy at birth decreased by 0.2 year for both males (76.5 to 76.3) and females (81.3 to 81.1). Life expectancy at birth decreased by 0.2 year for the white population (79.1 to 78.9) and by 0.1 year for the black population (75.6 to 75.5). Life expectancy at birth decreased by 0.2 year for the Hispanic population (82.1 to 81.9) and for the non-Hispanic black population (75.3 to 75.1). Life expectancy at birth decreased by 0.1 year for the non-Hispanic white population (78.8 to 78.7).
目标——本报告基于2015年的年龄别死亡率,呈现了按种族、西班牙裔血统和性别划分的美国完整时期生命表。方法——用于编制2015年生命表的数据包括2015年最终死亡率统计数据;基于2010年十年一度人口普查得出的2015年7月1日人口估计数;以及66 - 99岁人群的2015年医疗保险数据。用于估计西班牙裔人口生命表的方法与为发布2006年数据年份的西班牙裔血统生命表所制定的方法保持不变。用于估计所有其他群体2015年生命表的方法于2008年数据年份首次实施。结果——2015年,出生时的总体预期寿命为78.7岁,比2014年减少了0.2岁。从2014年到2015年,男性(从76.5岁降至76.3岁)和女性(从81.3岁降至81.1岁)的出生时预期寿命均减少了0.2岁。白人人口的出生时预期寿命减少了0.2岁(从79.1岁降至78.9岁),黑人人口减少了0.1岁(从75.6岁降至75.5岁)。西班牙裔人口(从82.1岁降至81.9岁)和非西班牙裔黑人人口(从75.3岁降至75.1岁)的出生时预期寿命减少了0.2岁。非西班牙裔白人人口的出生时预期寿命减少了0.1岁(从78.8岁降至78.7岁)。