Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2019 May;134:24-34. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.01.020. Epub 2019 Jan 29.
Many mosquitoes harbour Wolbachia symbionts that could affect the biology of their host in different ways. Evolutionary relationships of mosquitoes' Wolbachia infection, geographical distribution and symbiont prevalence in many mosquito species are not yet clear. Here, we present the results of Wolbachia screening of 17 mosquito species of four genera-Aedes, Anopheles, Coquillettidia and Culex collected from five regions of Eastern Europe and the Caucasus in 2012-2016. Based on multilocus sequence typing (MLST) data previously published and generated in this study, we try to reveal genetic links between mosquitoes' and other hosts' Wolbachia. The Wolbachia symbionts are found in Culex pipiens, Aedes albopictus and Coquillettidia richiardii and for the first time in Aedes cinereus and Aedes cantans, which are important vectors of human pathogens. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated multiple origins of infection in mosquitoes although the one-allele-criterion approach revealed links among B-supergroup mosquito Wolbachia with allele content of lepidopteran hosts. The MLST gene content of strain wAlbA from the A-supergroup is linked with different ant species. Several cases of intersupergroup recombinations were found. One of them occurred in the wAlbaB strain of Aedes albopictus, which contains the coxA allele of the A-supergroup, whereas other loci, including wsp, belong to supergroup B. Other cases are revealed for non-mosquito symbionts and they exemplified genetic exchanges of A, B and F supergroups. We conclude that modern Wolbachia diversity in mosquitoes and in many other insect taxa is a recent product of strain recombination and symbiont transfers.
许多蚊子携带沃尔巴克氏体共生菌，这些共生菌可能以不同的方式影响宿主的生物学特性。蚊子的沃尔巴克氏体感染、地理分布和共生菌在许多蚊子物种中的流行情况的进化关系尚不清楚。在这里，我们介绍了 2012 年至 2016 年间在东欧和高加索五个地区采集的四种属的 17 种蚊子——伊蚊、疟蚊、库蚊和按蚊的沃尔巴克氏体筛查结果。基于之前发表的和本研究中生成的多基因座序列分型（MLST）数据，我们试图揭示蚊子和其他宿主的沃尔巴克氏体之间的遗传联系。沃尔巴克氏体共生菌存在于库蚊、白纹伊蚊和库蚊里奇亚迪氏亚种中，这是首次在淡色库蚊和致倦库蚊中发现，这两种蚊子都是人类病原体的重要传播媒介。系统发育分析表明，尽管单等位基因标准方法显示了 B 超组蚊子沃尔巴克氏体与鳞翅目宿主等位基因含量之间的联系，但蚊子的感染有多种起源。从 A 超组分离的菌株 wAlbA 的 MLST 基因内容与不同的蚂蚁物种有关。发现了几种超组间重组的情况。其中一种发生在白纹伊蚊的 wAlbaB 菌株中，该菌株含有 A 超组的 coxA 等位基因，而其他基因座，包括 wsp，属于 B 超组。其他情况则发生在非蚊子共生菌中，这些情况例证了 A、B 和 F 超组的遗传交换。我们得出结论，现代蚊子和许多其他昆虫类群中的沃尔巴克氏体多样性是菌株重组和共生体转移的最近产物。
