钙的救援作用——植物免疫中的钙通道和信号转导。

Ca to the rescue - Cachannels and signaling in plant immunity.

机构信息

Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada.

Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada; Center for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function (CAGEF), University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada.

出版信息

Plant Sci. 2019 Feb;279:19-26. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.04.012. Epub 2018 Apr 20.

DOI:10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.04.012

PMID:30709488

Abstract

Ca is a universal second messenger in many signaling pathways in all eukaryotes including plants. Transient changes in [Ca]cyt are rapidly generated upon a diverse range of stimuli such as drought, heat, wounding, and biotic stresses (infection by pathogenic and symbiotic microorganisms), as well as developmental cues. It has been known for a while that [Ca]cyt transient signals play crucial roles to activate plant immunity and recently significant progresses have been made in this research field. However the identity and regulation of ion channels that are involved in defense related Ca signals are still enigmatic. Members of two ligand gated ion channel families, glutamate receptor-like channels (GLRs) and cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs) have been implicated in immune responses; nevertheless more precise data to understand their direct involvement in the creation of Ca signals during immune responses is necessary. Furthermore, the study of other ion channel groups is also required to understand the whole picture of the intra- and inter-cellular Ca signalling network. In this review we summarize Ca signals in plant immunity from an ion channel point of view and discuss future challenges in this exciting research field.

摘要

钙是真核生物（包括植物）中许多信号通路中的通用第二信使。在受到各种刺激（如干旱、高温、创伤和生物胁迫（病原微生物和共生微生物感染）以及发育线索）时，细胞内钙浓度的瞬时变化会迅速产生。人们已经知道，细胞内钙浓度瞬变信号在激活植物免疫方面起着至关重要的作用，最近在这一研究领域取得了重大进展。然而，参与防御相关钙信号的离子通道的身份和调节仍然是个谜。两种配体门控离子通道家族（谷氨酸受体样通道（GLRs）和环核苷酸门控通道（CNGCs））的成员已被牵连到免疫反应中；然而，为了了解它们在免疫反应过程中直接参与钙信号产生的确切数据是必要的。此外，还需要研究其他离子通道组，以了解细胞内和细胞间钙信号网络的全貌。在这篇综述中，我们从离子通道的角度总结了植物免疫中的钙信号，并讨论了这一令人兴奋的研究领域未来的挑战。