透明质酸研究的历程。
The journey of hyaluronan research in the .
机构信息
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195.
出版信息
J Biol Chem. 2019 Feb 1;294(5):1690-1696. doi: 10.1074/jbc.TM118.005836.
Abstract
Hyaluronan has a very simple structure. It is a linear glycosaminoglycan composed of disaccharide units of GlcNAc and d-glucuronic acid with alternating β-1,4 and β-1,3 glycosidic bonds that can be repeated 20,000 or more times, a molecular mass >8 million Da, and a length >20 μm. However, it has a very complex biology. It is a major, ubiquitous component of extracellular matrices involved in everything from fertilization, development, inflammations, to cancer. This JBC Review highlights some of these processes that were initiated through publications in the .
摘要
透明质酸具有非常简单的结构。它是一种线性糖胺聚糖，由 GlcNAc 和 d-葡萄糖醛酸的二糖单元组成，通过β-1,4 和β-1,3 糖苷键交替连接，可重复 20000 次以上，分子量>800 万 Da，长度>20 μm。然而，它具有非常复杂的生物学特性。它是细胞外基质的主要、普遍组成成分，参与从受精、发育、炎症到癌症等各种过程。这篇 JBC 综述重点介绍了通过. 发表的论文而开始的这些过程中的一部分。
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本文引用的文献
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Midgut Laterality Is Driven by Hyaluronan on the Right.中肠偏侧性由右侧的透明质酸驱动。
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Nuclear hyaluronidase 2 drives alternative splicing of pre-mRNA to determine profibrotic or antifibrotic cell phenotype.核透明质酸酶 2 驱动前体 mRNA 的可变剪接，从而决定致纤维化或抗纤维化的细胞表型。
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Hyaluronan synthase assembles hyaluronan on a [GlcNAc(β1,4)]n-GlcNAc(α1→)UDP primer and hyaluronan retains this residual chitin oligomer as a cap at the nonreducing end.透明质酸合酶在 [GlcNAc(β1,4)]n-GlcNAc(α1→)UDP 引物上组装透明质酸，透明质酸在非还原端保留这种残余几丁寡糖作为帽。
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4
Hyaluronan Depolymerization by Megakaryocyte Hyaluronidase-2 Is Required for Thrombopoiesis.血小板生成需要巨核细胞透明质酸酶-2介导的透明质酸解聚。
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The Responses of Hyperglycemic Dividing Mesangial Cells to Heparin Are Mediated by the Non-reducing Terminal Trisaccharide.高血糖状态下系膜细胞对肝素的反应由非还原末端三糖介导。
J Biol Chem. 2015 Nov 27;290(48):29045-50. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M115.677401. Epub 2015 Sep 16.
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Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells suppress host rejection: the role of the glycocalyx.脐带间充质干细胞抑制宿主排斥反应：糖萼的作用。
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Hyperglycemia diverts dividing osteoblastic precursor cells to an adipogenic pathway and induces synthesis of a hyaluronan matrix that is adhesive for monocytes.高血糖会促使正在分裂的成骨前体细胞向脂肪生成途径分化，并诱导透明质酸基质的合成，该基质对单核细胞具有黏附性。
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The dynamic metabolism of hyaluronan regulates the cytosolic concentration of UDP-GlcNAc.透明质酸的动态代谢调节尿苷二磷酸-N-乙酰葡糖胺的胞质浓度。
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J Biol Chem. 2014 Mar 28;289(13):9418-29. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.541441. Epub 2014 Jan 30.
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