Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Center for Pulmonary & Vascular Biology, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Center for Pulmonary & Vascular Biology, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Matrix Biol. 2019 May;78-79:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2019.02.002. Epub 2019 Feb 23.
Cell-matrix interactions are fundamental to many developmental, homeostatic, immune and pathologic processes. Hyaluronan (HA), a critical component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that regulates normal structural integrity and development, also regulates tissue responses during injury, repair, and regeneration. Though simple in its primary structure, HA regulates biological responses in a highly complex manner with balanced contributions from its molecular size and concentration, synthesis versus enzymatic and/or oxidative-nitrative fragmentation, interactions with key HA binding proteins and cell associated receptors, and its cell context-specific signaling. This review highlights the different, but inter-related factors that dictate the biological activity of HA and introduces the overarching themes that weave throughout this special issue of Matrix Biology on hyaluronan.
细胞-基质相互作用是许多发育、稳态、免疫和病理过程的基础。透明质酸（HA）是细胞外基质（ECM）的关键组成部分，调节正常的结构完整性和发育，也调节损伤、修复和再生过程中的组织反应。尽管 HA 的一级结构简单，但它以高度复杂的方式调节生物学反应，其分子大小和浓度、合成与酶和/或氧化硝化片段化、与关键 HA 结合蛋白和细胞相关受体的相互作用以及其细胞上下文特异性信号传导的平衡贡献。这篇综述强调了决定 HA 生物学活性的不同但相互关联的因素，并介绍了贯穿基质生物学特刊关于透明质酸这一主题的总体主题。
