Ramsden Stefan, Cresswell Rosemary
University of Hull, UK.
20 Century Br Hist. 2019 Dec 1;30(4):504-530. doi: 10.1093/tcbh/hwy043.
First aid was the focus of growing voluntary activity in the post-war decades. Despite the advent of the National Health Service in 1948, increased numbers of people volunteered to learn, teach, and administer first aid as concern about health and safety infiltrated new activities and arenas. In this article we use the example of the Voluntary Aid Societies (VAS, focusing in particular on St John Ambulance) to highlight continuities and change in the relationship between state and voluntary sector in health and welfare provision during the four decades after 1945. Though the state assumed vastly expanded health and welfare responsibilities after the war, the continuing vitality of the VAS suggests cultural continuities that the post-war welfare state did not eradicate. The article therefore builds on the insights of historians who argue that volunteering remained a vital component of British society across the later twentieth century, and that the state and voluntary sector were not mutually exclusive.
急救是战后几十年中日益增多的志愿活动的重点。尽管1948年国家医疗服务体系问世，但随着对健康与安全的关注渗透到新的活动和领域，越来越多的人志愿学习、教授和实施急救。在本文中，我们以志愿援助协会（VAS，尤其关注圣约翰救护机构）为例，来突出1945年后的四十年间，国家与志愿部门在健康和福利提供方面的关系中的延续性和变化。尽管战后国家承担了大幅扩展的健康和福利责任，但志愿援助协会的持续活力表明了一些文化上的延续性，这些延续性是战后福利国家未能根除的。因此，本文基于历史学家的见解展开，他们认为志愿服务在整个二十世纪后期仍然是英国社会的一个重要组成部分，并且国家和志愿部门并非相互排斥。
