a Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center , Lorestan University of Medical Sciences , Khorramabad , Iran.
b Student Research Committee , Lorestan University of Medical Sciences , Khorramabad , Iran.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2019 Mar-Apr;38(3):267-274. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1482577. Epub 2019 Feb 4.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects many patients all over the world. It involves different parts of the body, such as brain, eyes, kidneys, vessels, and so on. The lack of balance between free radicals and antioxidants is a possible mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Antioxidant treatment, especially natural forms, can be a beneficial solution. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of Pistacia atlantica oleoresin (PAO) on oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzymes expression in diabetic rats.
Fifty adult male Wistar rats were allotted randomly into five groups as follow: control group, diabetic control group, glibenclamide control group, diabetic glibenclamide group, diabetic treated group with 200 mg/kg PAO. Then PAO was prepared and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). LD50 was also estimated for essential oil. Oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzyme including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also measured. The expression of GPx, CAT, and SOD genes was investigated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
The main constituents of essential oil gum were beta-pinene (29.38%), followed by alpha-pinene (18.15%), myrcene (7.36%), trans-pinocarveol (7.15%), and camphene (4.12%). Diabetes induced an increased level of MDA (69.92 ± 3.92 vs. 43.76 ± 3.73) and decreased levels of GSH (2.57 ± 0.40 vs. 7.05 ± 1.59), GPx (11.66 ± 2.2 vs. 16.38 ± 2.1), CAT (12.17 ± 3.38 vs. 18.7 ± 2.66), and SOD (0.78 ± 0.67 vs. 2.41 ± 0.46). In contrast, PAO treatment significantly decreased MDA (54.59 ± 12.54 vs. 69.92 ± 3.92) and increased GSH (4.5 ± 0.89 vs. 2.57 ± 0.40), GPx (25.86 ± 5.37 vs. 11.66 ± 2.2), CAT (22.69 ± 0.36 vs. 12.17 ± 3.38), and SOD (3.65 ± 1.08 vs. 0.78 ± 0.67) (p < 0.05). Moreover, our results indicated that both GPx and CAT mRNA levels significantly increased approximately 4.46 and 6.23 times in rats fed with 200 mg/kg of PAO, more than that of the healthy control group, respectively (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Also, the average expression level of SOD was also significantly 1.57 higher in rats fed with 200 mg/kg of PAO in comparison to the diabetic control group (p < 0.05).
The results indicated that PAO could be propose as an agent that protects the body against diseases that are associated with oxidative stress.
糖尿病（DM）影响着全世界许多患者。它涉及身体的不同部位，如大脑、眼睛、肾脏、血管等。自由基和抗氧化剂之间的失衡是糖尿病发病机制中的一个可能机制。抗氧化治疗，特别是天然形式的抗氧化治疗，可以是一个有益的解决方案。因此，我们评估了野巴旦杏油树脂（PAO）对糖尿病大鼠氧化应激标志物和抗氧化酶表达的影响。
将 50 只成年雄性 Wistar 大鼠随机分为五组：对照组、糖尿病对照组、格列本脲对照组、糖尿病格列本脲组、200mg/kg PAO 治疗的糖尿病组。然后通过气相色谱/质谱（GC/MS）分析制备和分析 PAO。还估计了精油的 LD50。还测量了丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）等氧化应激标志物和抗氧化酶。使用实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）研究了 GPx、CAT 和 SOD 基因的表达。
精油胶的主要成分是β-蒎烯（29.38%），其次是α-蒎烯（18.15%）、月桂烯（7.36%）、反式-蒎烯醇（7.15%）和莰烯（4.12%）。糖尿病诱导 MDA 水平升高（69.92±3.92 vs. 43.76±3.73）和 GSH 水平降低（2.57±0.40 vs. 7.05±1.59）、GPx（11.66±2.2 vs. 16.38±2.1）、CAT（12.17±3.38 vs. 18.7±2.66）和 SOD（0.78±0.67 vs. 2.41±0.46）。相比之下，PAO 治疗可显著降低 MDA（54.59±12.54 vs. 69.92±3.92）和增加 GSH（4.5±0.89 vs. 2.57±0.40）、GPx（25.86±5.37 vs. 11.66±2.2）、CAT（22.69±0.36 vs. 12.17±3.38）和 SOD（3.65±1.08 vs. 0.78±0.67）（p<0.05）。此外，我们的结果表明，喂食 200mg/kg PAO 的大鼠的 GPx 和 CAT mRNA 水平分别显著增加了约 4.46 倍和 6.23 倍，高于健康对照组（p<0.01 和 p<0.001，分别）。此外，与糖尿病对照组相比，喂食 200mg/kg PAO 的大鼠的 SOD 平均表达水平也显著升高了 1.57 倍（p<0.05）。
结果表明，PAO 可以作为一种保护身体免受与氧化应激相关的疾病的药物。
