Institute of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg.
Division of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg.
Psychooncology. 2019 Apr;28(4):784-791. doi: 10.1002/pon.5020. Epub 2019 Feb 20.
While in the past cancer patients were advised to rest, recent research revealed various beneficial effects of physical activity, including increased treatment tolerability during cancer treatment and prolonged survival, which has led to a paradigm shift in relevant guidelines. This study examined if this paradigm shift from rest to activity has been consolidated in health care professionals' (HCP') attitude. It was investigated if the two dimensions of attitude (rest and activity) are endorsed empirically within the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Differences between physicians and nurses were examined.
Five hundred forty seven physicians and 398 nurses treating breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer patients completed a cross-sectional questionnaire. To assess attitude toward physical activity during cancer treatment, we developed a 15-item scale, which included original statements of HCP. TPB variables were assessed.
A factor analysis revealed the proposed distinction of attitude into two dimensions. The activity-paradigm was stronger represented in HCP' attitude compared with rest-paradigm (M = 4.1 versus M = 2.7, p < 0.001). Additionally, the activity-paradigm had higher exploratory power in explaining intention to recommend physical activity in cancer patients. However, the rest-paradigm was able to explain intention to recommend physical activity over and above activity-paradigm (ΔR = 0.05). Nurses had higher scores on the rest-paradigm than physicians.
The activity-paradigm has already been consolidated in HCP' minds. However, the rest-paradigm is still present in the daily routine of oncology physicians and nurses. Addressing concerns and insecurities related to supporting cancer patients in maintaining or building up a physically active lifestyle is a very important educational task.
虽然过去癌症患者被建议休息，但最近的研究揭示了身体活动的各种有益影响，包括增加癌症治疗期间的治疗耐受性和延长生存时间，这导致了相关指南的范式转变。本研究考察了这种从休息到活动的范式转变是否在医疗保健专业人员（HCP）的态度中得到巩固。研究了态度的两个维度（休息和活动）是否在计划行为理论（TPB）中得到实证支持。还检查了医生和护士之间的差异。
547 名治疗乳腺癌、前列腺癌或结直肠癌患者的医生和 398 名护士完成了一项横断面问卷调查。为了评估癌症治疗期间身体活动的态度，我们开发了一个包含 HCP 原始陈述的 15 项量表。评估了 TPB 变量。
因素分析显示，态度被分为两个维度。与休息范式相比，HCP 态度中的活动范式更强（M 4.1 对 M 2.7，p < 0.001）。此外，活动范式在解释向癌症患者推荐身体活动的意图方面具有更高的探索力。然而，休息范式能够在活动范式之外解释推荐身体活动的意图（ΔR 0.05）。护士的休息范式得分高于医生。
活动范式已经在 HCP 的头脑中得到巩固。然而，在肿瘤医生和护士的日常工作中，休息范式仍然存在。解决与支持癌症患者保持或建立积极生活方式相关的担忧和不安全感是一项非常重要的教育任务。
