Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
The Environmental Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 May 15;172:296-302. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.098. Epub 2019 Feb 1.
Personal care products (PCPs) are ubiquitous in the environment due to their wide use in daily life. However, there are insufficient sediment toxicity data of PCPs under ecologically relevant conditions. Here we used Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to investigate the sediment toxicity of triclosan (TCS) and galaxolide (HHCB) to two freshwater benthic macroinvertebrates, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Branchiura sowerbyi, in microcosms containing a diverse biological community. Exposure to 8 µg TCS/g and 100 µg HHCB/g dry weight (dw) sediment induced significant biochemical alterations in the L. hoffmeisteri tissue. 8 µg TCS/g primarily affected proteins and nucleic acid while 100 µg HHCB/g mainly affected proteins and lipids of L. hoffmeisteri. However, 0.8 µg TCS/g and 30 µg HHCB/g did not cause significant subcellular toxicity to L. hoffmeisteri. In contrast, exposure of B. sowerbyi to 30 µg HHCB/g led to significant biochemical changes, including proteins, polysaccharides and lipids. Therefore, B. sowerbyi was more sensitive to sediment-associated HHCB than L. hoffmeisteri. Such effects were significantly enhanced when the HHCB concentration increased to 100 µg/g dw where death of B. sowerbyi occurred. These results demonstrate the application of FTIR spectroscopy to sediment toxicity testing of chemicals to benthic invertebrates with biochemical alterations as endpoints that are more sensitive than standard toxic endpoints (e.g., survival and growth).
个人护理产品（PCPs）由于在日常生活中的广泛应用，在环境中无处不在。然而，在生态相关条件下，PCPs 的沉积物毒性数据还不够充分。在这里，我们使用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）技术研究了三氯生（TCS）和羟基麝香（HHCB）对两种淡水底栖大型无脊椎动物——霍夫迈斯特水丝蚓（Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri）和苏氏尾鳃蚓（Branchiura sowerbyi）的微宇宙沉积物毒性，这些微宇宙中包含了丰富的生物群落。暴露于 8μg TCS/g 和 100μg HHCB/g 干重（dw）沉积物中，会导致 L. hoffmeisteri 组织发生显著的生化变化。8μg TCS/g 主要影响蛋白质和核酸，而 100μg HHCB/g 主要影响 L. hoffmeisteri 的蛋白质和脂质。然而，0.8μg TCS/g 和 30μg HHCB/g 并未对 L. hoffmeisteri 的亚细胞毒性造成显著影响。相比之下，B. sowerbyi 暴露于 30μg HHCB/g 会导致显著的生化变化，包括蛋白质、多糖和脂质。因此，与 L. hoffmeisteri 相比，B. sowerbyi 对沉积物中 HHCB 更敏感。当 HHCB 浓度增加到 100μg/g dw 时，B. sowerbyi 死亡，这种影响会显著增强。这些结果表明，FTIR 光谱技术可应用于沉积物毒性测试，以生化变化作为终点来评估底栖无脊椎动物对化学物质的毒性，这种方法比标准毒性终点（如生存和生长）更敏感。
