Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10380, Republic of Korea.
Departments of Family Medicine, Center for Health Promotion, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10380, Republic of Korea.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2019 Apr;222(3):524-532. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.01.009. Epub 2019 Feb 2.
Fipronil is a highly effective insecticide with extensive usages; however, its distribution and toxic/health effects in the human population after chronic exposure have not yet been clearly identified. Our objectives were to determine the levels of serum fipronil and fipronil sulfone, a primary fipronil metabolite, in a general and sensitive human population using a birth cohort of parent-infant triads in Korea. We further investigated whether in utero exposure to fipronil and fipronil sulfone can affect health outcomes in newborn infants. Blood and umbilical cord blood from 169 participants, 59 mother-neonate pairs and 51 matching biological fathers, were collected; serum fipronil and fipronil sulfone (both blood and cord blood) and serum thyroid hormones (cord blood) were measured. Demographic, physiological, behavioral, clinical, and socioeconomic data for each participant were collected via a one-on-one interview and a questionnaire survey. Fipronil sulfone was detected in the serum of mothers, fathers, and infantile cord blood, while fipronil itself was not. Maternal fipronil sulfone levels were correlated to those of matched biological fathers and newborn infants. Adjusted analyses identified significant associations between parental fipronil sulfone levels and household income. Infantile fipronil sulfone levels were significantly associated with both maternal and paternal levels as well as maternal pre-pregnant BMI. Furthermore, infantile fipronil sulfone levels were inversely associated with cord blood T3 and free T3 levels as well as 5-min Apgar scores of newborn infants. Serum fipronil sulfone was detected in a specific population of mother-neonate pairs and their matched biological fathers in a manner suggestive of regular exposure to fipronil among urban residents. The findings also suggest that serum fipronil sulfone placentally transfers to the fetus and affects infantile adverse health outcomes. This is a first of its kind study; therefore, future studies are warranted.
氟虫腈是一种高效杀虫剂，用途广泛；然而，其在慢性暴露于人群中的分布和毒性/健康影响尚未明确。我们的目的是使用韩国的母婴三肽出生队列来确定一般人群和敏感人群中血清氟虫腈和氟虫腈砜（氟虫腈的主要代谢物）的水平，并进一步研究胎儿暴露于氟虫腈和氟虫腈砜是否会影响新生儿的健康结果。共收集了 169 名参与者（59 对母婴和 51 对匹配的生物学父亲）的血液和脐血；测量了血清氟虫腈和氟虫腈砜（血液和脐带血）和血清甲状腺激素（脐带血）。通过一对一访谈和问卷调查收集了每位参与者的人口统计学、生理学、行为学、临床和社会经济学数据。母亲、父亲和婴儿脐带血中均检测到氟虫腈砜，但未检测到氟虫腈本身。母亲氟虫腈砜水平与匹配的生物学父亲和新生儿呈正相关。调整分析确定了父母氟虫腈砜水平与家庭收入之间的显著关联。婴儿氟虫腈砜水平与母亲和父亲的水平以及母亲孕前 BMI 显著相关。此外，婴儿氟虫腈砜水平与脐带血 T3 和游离 T3 水平以及新生儿 5 分钟 Apgar 评分呈负相关。在特定的母婴对及其匹配的生物学父亲群体中检测到血清氟虫腈砜，这表明城市居民经常接触氟虫腈。研究结果还表明，血清氟虫腈砜通过胎盘转移到胎儿体内，并影响婴儿的不良健康结果。这是首例此类研究，因此需要进一步研究。
