Laboratory of Immunotherapy and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Hadassah Medical Center, The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Feb 4;20(3):668. doi: 10.3390/ijms20030668.
Cannabinoids, the biologically active constituents of Cannabis, have potent neuronal and immunological effects. However, the basic and medical research dedicated to medical cannabis and cannabinoids is limited. The influence of these treatments on hematologic reconstitution and on the development of graft versus host disease (GVHD) after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is largely unknown. In this research, we compared the influence of D9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) on lymphocyte activation in vitro and in murine BMT models. Our in vitro results demonstrate that these treatments decrease activated lymphocyte proliferation and affect cytokine secretion. We also discovered that CBD and THC utilize different receptors to mediate these effects. In vivo, in a syngeneic transplantation model, we demonstrate that all treatments inhibit lymphocyte reconstitution and show the inhibitory role of the cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2) on lymphocyte recovery. Although pure cannabinoids exhibited a superior effect in vitro, in an allogeneic (C57BL/6 to BALB/c) BMT mouse model, THC-high and CBD-high cannabis extracts treatment reduced the severity of GVHD and improved survival significantly better than the pure cannabinoids. Our results highlights the complexity of using cannabinoids-based treatments and the need for additional comparative scientific results.
大麻素是大麻中的生物活性成分，具有很强的神经元和免疫作用。然而，专门针对医用大麻和大麻素的基础和医学研究是有限的。这些治疗方法对骨髓移植（BMT）后造血重建和移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）发展的影响在很大程度上是未知的。在这项研究中，我们比较了 D9 四氢大麻酚（THC）和大麻二酚（CBD）对体外淋巴细胞激活和小鼠 BMT 模型的影响。我们的体外结果表明，这些治疗方法可降低活化淋巴细胞的增殖，并影响细胞因子的分泌。我们还发现 CBD 和 THC 利用不同的受体来介导这些作用。在体内，在同基因移植模型中，我们证明所有治疗方法均抑制淋巴细胞重建，并且大麻素受体 2（CB2）对淋巴细胞恢复具有抑制作用。尽管纯大麻素在体外表现出更好的效果，但在同种异体（C57BL/6 到 BALB/c）BMT 小鼠模型中，高 THC 和高 CBD 大麻提取物治疗可显著减轻 GVHD 的严重程度并提高生存率，明显优于纯大麻素。我们的研究结果突出了使用大麻素类治疗方法的复杂性，需要更多的比较科学结果。
