Metodyev V V, Sabirova D R, Belyaeva M I
Med Parazitol (Mosk). 2017 Apr(2):33-36.
The conducted research allow to conclude that the most developed agricultural area of the Tyumen region with a population comprising of 14,1% of the rural population, is endemic for echinococcosis. The incidence has a pronounced tendencyto increase (Tgrowth=+5.7 percent). Installed a statistically significant difference in the incidence ofechinococ- cosis in two selected areas in endemic zones (7 rural and 3 urban) living in it 60,7% of the population of the Tyumen region; - risk groups in the incidence of echinococcosis are local villagers, containing farm animals and dogs; urban residents who regularly attend the nearby forest to gather berries and wild plants, persons working age, hunters with years of experi- ence; the risk of infection is June - September. The first place among agricultural animals as an intermediate the hosts of Echinococcus is a sheep, the second place - the cattle, the third place - pigs, the prevalence in endemic incidence of echinococcosis people area respectively in 5.6 times, 2.7 times and 3.8 times higher than in non-endemic areas with no registration morbidity people. The obtained results allow to recommend the measures to optimise epidemiological surveil- lance and parasitological monitoring of echinococcosis: a clearer and more coherent relationship and interaction between agencies, medical organizations, Rospotrebnadzor, Rosselkhoznadzor and Management ofhunting economy; the expan- sion of research on contamination ofthe environment by the hexacanth cyst on the territories of settlements and priusadeb- nyh plots (soil, bottom sediments, especially not having drains, water storage tanks); mass serological screening of the population, primarily in rural endemic areas, to determine the immune segment, risk groups among sex, age and profes- sional groups to assess the level of endemic diseases; clarify the ways and factors of transmission in specific conditions, it is important for the organization of effective prevention measures.
所开展的研究得出结论，秋明州农业最发达地区的人口占农村人口的14.1%，是棘球蚴病的地方病流行区。发病率有明显上升趋势（年增长率=+5.7%）。在秋明州60.7%人口居住的地方病流行区的两个选定区域（7个农村和3个城市），棘球蚴病发病率存在统计学上的显著差异；棘球蚴病发病的风险群体包括饲养家畜和狗的当地村民、经常到附近森林采摘浆果和野生植物的城市居民、工作年龄段人群、有多年经验的猎人；感染风险期为6月至9月。作为棘球绦虫中间宿主的家畜中，羊排第一，牛排第二，猪排第三，地方病流行区棘球蚴病患者的患病率分别比无发病登记的非地方病流行区高5.6倍、2.7倍和3.8倍。所获结果有助于推荐优化棘球蚴病流行病学监测和寄生虫学监测的措施：各机构、医疗组织、俄罗斯消费者权益保护和公益监督局、俄罗斯联邦动植物卫生监督局以及狩猎经济管理部门之间建立更清晰、更协调的关系与互动；扩大对居民点和前哨地块（土壤、底泥，尤其是没有排水设施、储水箱的地方）六钩蚴囊肿对环境污染的研究；对人群进行大规模血清学筛查，主要是在农村地方病流行区，以确定免疫人群、不同性别、年龄和职业群体中的风险群体，评估地方病水平；明确特定条件下的传播途径和因素，这对组织有效的预防措施很重要。
