Garita L C, Tassi A D, Calegario R F, Kitajima E W, Carbonell S A M, Freitas-Astúa J
Departamento de Fitopatologia e Nematologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 9, 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Centro de Grãos e Fibras, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Caixa Postal 28, 12020-902, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Plant Dis. 2013 Oct;97(10):1346-1351. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-12-12-1143-RE.
Citrus leprosis (CL) caused by Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C) is present in Latin America from Mexico to Argentina, where citrus plants are grown. CiLV-C is transmitted by the tenuipalpid mite, Brevipalpus phoenicis, causing localized lesions on citrus leaves, fruit, and stems. One limitation to study of the virus-vector-host relationship in this pathosystem is the lack of a suitable assay plant. On Citrus spp. used as susceptible hosts, symptoms may take weeks or months to appear after experimental inoculation by viruliferous mites. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) was found to respond with localized necrotic lesions after inoculation with viruliferous B. phoenicis in 5 days. Thus far, 113 tested common bean varieties and lines and some recent accessions of varied genetic background behaved in a similar way. Black bean 'IAC Una' was adopted as a standard test variety. When inoculated leaves were left at 28 to 30°C, the period for the lesion appearance was reduced to only 2 days. Confirmation that the lesions on common bean leaves are caused by CiLV-C were made by transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction specific for CiLV-C. Common bean plants mite-inoculated with some other cytoplasmic-type Brevipalpus-transmitted viruses (BrTVs) (Passion fruit green spot virus, Solanum violaefolium ringspot virus, Ligustrum ringspot virus, and Hibiscus green spot virus) also responded with necrotic local lesions and may serve as test plants for these viruses. Two nuclear types of BrTV (Coffee ringspot virus and Clerodendrum chlorotic spot virus) were unable to produce symptoms on common bean.
由柑橘麻风病毒C（CiLV-C）引起的柑橘麻风病（CL）存在于拉丁美洲从墨西哥到阿根廷种植柑橘的地区。CiLV-C由细须螨Brevipalpus phoenicis传播，在柑橘的叶片、果实和茎上造成局部病斑。在这个病理系统中研究病毒-载体-宿主关系的一个限制是缺乏合适的测定植物。在用作易感宿主的柑橘属植物上，用带毒螨进行实验接种后，症状可能需要数周或数月才会出现。发现普通菜豆（Phaseolus vulgaris）在接种带毒的B. phoenicis后5天会出现局部坏死病斑。到目前为止，113个测试的普通菜豆品种和品系以及一些具有不同遗传背景的近期种质表现相似。黑豆‘IAC Una’被用作标准测试品种。当接种的叶片置于28至30°C时，病斑出现的时间缩短至仅2天。通过透射电子显微镜、免疫荧光、酶联免疫吸附测定以及针对CiLV-C的逆转录聚合酶链反应，证实了普通菜豆叶片上的病斑是由CiLV-C引起的。用其他一些细胞质型Brevipalpus传播的病毒（BrTVs）（西番莲绿斑病毒、茄叶环斑病毒、女贞环斑病毒和木槿绿斑病毒）螨接种的普通菜豆植株也会出现坏死局部病斑，可作为这些病毒的测试植物。两种核型的BrTV（咖啡环斑病毒和臭牡丹褪绿斑病毒）无法在普通菜豆上产生症状。
