a University of Coimbra.
b Federal University of Tocantins (UFT).
Res Q Exerc Sport. 2019 Mar;90(1):36-45. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2018.1563272. Epub 2019 Feb 5.
The aim of this study was to test the effects of chair-based exercise programs on salivary stress hormones, physical fitness, and functional autonomy of institutionalized older women.
In total, 47 participants (80 ± 8.04 years old) were recruited and allocated into three groups: chair-based aerobic exercises (CAE, n = 19), chair-based elastic-band strength exercises (CSE, n = 15), and a control group (CG, n = 13). A 14-week exercise intervention was done for the CAE and CSE groups, two times per week, in no consecutive days. Members of the CG did not participate in any type of exercise but kept their regular lifestyle. Fear of falling, autonomy, physical fitness, salivary cortisol, and alpha-amylase levels were assessed before and after the intervention.
The CAE group improved upper and lower body strength, agility-dynamic balance, and autonomy, with fear of falling decreasing significantly (p < .05, moderate effect size). Both exercise groups showed a trend toward an increase in salivary alpha-amylase levels (CAE = 43%, d = .31, and CSE = 44%, d = .41).
Both exercise programs were able to improve functional autonomy, even in elders older than 80 years of age. It might be interesting to investigate the effectiveness of combining both aerobic and strength exercises in a unique protocol. The modulation effect of exercise in the hormonal responses needs to be further explored.
本研究旨在测试基于椅子的运动方案对唾液应激激素、身体适应性和机构化老年女性功能自主性的影响。
共有 47 名参与者（80±8.04 岁）被招募并分为三组：基于椅子的有氧运动（CAE，n=19）、基于椅子的弹性带力量训练（CSE，n=15）和对照组（CG，n=13）。CAE 和 CSE 组进行了为期 14 周的每周两次的运动干预，非连续进行。CG 组不参加任何类型的运动，但保持他们的常规生活方式。在干预前后评估了跌倒恐惧、自主性、身体适应性、唾液皮质醇和唾液淀粉酶水平。
CAE 组改善了上下肢力量、敏捷动态平衡和自主性，跌倒恐惧显著降低（p<.05，中等效应量）。两个运动组的唾液淀粉酶水平均呈上升趋势（CAE=43%，d=0.31，CSE=44%，d=0.41）。
两种运动方案都能改善功能自主性，即使在 80 岁以上的老年人中也是如此。有趣的是，可以研究将有氧运动和力量训练结合在一个独特方案中的效果。运动对激素反应的调节作用需要进一步探索。
