Motalebi Seyedeh Ameneh, Cheong Loke Seng, Iranagh Jamileh Amirzadeh, Mohammadi Fatemeh
a Nursing and Midwifery Faculty , Qazvin University of Medical Sciences , Qazvin , Iran.
b Institute of Gerontology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) , Serdang , Selangor , Malaysia.
Exp Aging Res. 2018 Jan-Feb;44(1):48-61. doi: 10.1080/0361073X.2017.1398810.
Background/Study Context: Given the rapid increase in the aging population worldwide, fall prevention is of utmost importance. It is essential to establish an efficient, simple, safe, and low-cost intervention method for reducing the risk of falls. This study examined the effect of 12 weeks of progressive elastic resistance training on lower-limb muscle strength and balance in seniors living in the Rumah Seri Kenangan, social welfare home in Cheras, Malaysia.
A total of 51 subjects qualified to take part in this quasi-experimental study. They were assigned to either the resistance exercise group (n = 26) or control group (n = 25). The mean age of the 45 participants who completed the program was 70.7 (SD = 6.6). The exercise group met twice per week and performing one to three sets of 8 to 10 repetitions for each of nine lower-limb elastic resistance exercises. All exercises were conducted at low to moderate intensities in sitting or standing positions. The subjects were tested at baseline and 6 and 12 weeks into the program.
The results showed statistically significant improvements in lower-limb muscle strength as measured by five times sit-to-stand test (%Δ = 22.6) and dynamic balance quantified by the timed up-and-go test (%Δ = 18.7), four-square step test (%Δ = 14.67), and step test for the right (%Δ = 18.36) and left (%Δ = 18.80) legs. No significant changes were observed in static balance as measured using the tandem stand test (%Δ = 3.25), and one-leg stand test with eyes opened (%Δ = 9.58) and eyes closed (%Δ = -0.61) after completion of the program.
The findings support the feasibility and efficacy of a simple and inexpensive resistance training program to improve lower-limb muscle strength and dynamic balance among the institutionalized older adults.
背景/研究背景：鉴于全球老龄化人口的迅速增加，预防跌倒至关重要。建立一种高效、简单、安全且低成本的干预方法以降低跌倒风险至关重要。本研究考察了为期12周的渐进性弹性阻力训练对居住在马来西亚蕉赖社会福利机构“仁爱之家”的老年人下肢肌肉力量和平衡能力的影响。
共有51名受试者符合参与这项准实验研究的条件。他们被分为阻力运动组（n = 26）或对照组（n = 25）。完成该项目的45名参与者的平均年龄为70.7岁（标准差 = 6.6）。运动组每周会面两次，针对九种下肢体弹性阻力训练中的每一项进行1至3组，每组8至10次重复动作。所有训练均在坐姿或站姿下以低至中等强度进行。受试者在基线时以及项目进行到6周和12周时接受测试。
结果显示，通过五次坐立试验测量的下肢肌肉力量（%变化 = 22.6）以及通过计时起立行走试验量化的动态平衡（%变化 = 18.7）、四方步试验（%变化 = 14.67）以及右腿（%变化 = 18.36）和左腿（%变化 = 18.80）的步试验均有统计学上的显著改善。在项目结束后，使用串联站立试验（%变化 = 3.25）、睁眼单腿站立试验（%变化 = 9.58）和闭眼单腿站立试验（%变化 = -0.61）测量的静态平衡未观察到显著变化。
研究结果支持了一项简单且低成本的阻力训练项目在改善机构养老老年人下肢肌肉力量和动态平衡方面的可行性和有效性。
