Dziewior Jan, Knips Lukas, Farfurnik Demitry, Senkalla Katharina, Benshalom Nimrod, Efroni Jonathan, Meinecke Jasmin, Bar-Ad Shimshon, Weinfurter Harald, Vaidman Lev
Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, 85748 Garching, Germany.
Department für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80797 München, Germany.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Feb 19;116(8):2881-2890. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1812970116. Epub 2019 Feb 5.
The modification of the effect of interactions of a particle as a function of its preselected and postselected states is analyzed theoretically and experimentally. The universality property of this modification in the case of local interactions of a spatially preselected and postselected particle has been found. It allowed us to define an operational approach for the characterization of the presence of a quantum particle in a particular place: the way it modifies the effect of local interactions. The experiment demonstrating this universality property provides an efficient interferometric alignment method, in which the position of the beam on a single detector throughout one phase scan yields all misalignment parameters.
从理论和实验上分析了粒子相互作用效应随其预选态和后选态的变化情况。发现了在空间上预选和后选粒子的局部相互作用情形下这种变化的普适性质。这使我们能够定义一种用于表征量子粒子在特定位置存在情况的操作方法：即它改变局部相互作用效应的方式。展示这种普适性质的实验提供了一种有效的干涉校准方法，在一次相位扫描中，单个探测器上光束的位置能给出所有的校准参数。
