Ellis John E
Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Dalton Trans. 2019 Jul 2;48(26):9538-9563. doi: 10.1039/c8dt05029e.
Joseph Chatt was the first to discover in the early 1960s that previously unknown transition metal compounds were accessible and isolable via the reactions of alkali metal arene radical anions with transition metal precursors containing good leaving groups, such as weakly basic neutral or anionic ligands, especially halides. Later Peter Timms confirmed the importance of these early studies with the synthesis of several new bis(arene)metal(0) sandwich compounds by a variant of Chatt's route. Following a brief historical survey of alkali metal arene compounds, first examined in some detail by Wilhelm Schlenk, use of these reagents in the conventional syntheses of anionic homoleptic arene metal complexes of the d-block elements will be described. In several cases these species are quite useful because they function as storable "naked" atomic metal anion reagents, especially in their reactions with carbon monoxide and isocyanides. In view of Chatt's seminal contributions to an often unique route to organometallic and inorganic compounds, it is proposed that this valuable synthetic method be named the "Chatt reaction" in honor of a giant of chemistry.
约瑟夫·查特在20世纪60年代初首次发现，通过碱金属芳烃自由基阴离子与含有良好离去基团的过渡金属前体（如弱碱性中性或阴离子配体，尤其是卤化物）的反应，可以得到并分离出以前未知的过渡金属化合物。后来，彼得·廷姆斯通过查特路线的一个变体合成了几种新的双（芳烃）金属（0）夹心化合物，证实了这些早期研究的重要性。在对碱金属芳烃化合物进行简要的历史回顾之后（这是由威廉·施伦克首先详细研究的），将描述这些试剂在d区元素阴离子同配芳烃金属配合物传统合成中的应用。在某些情况下，这些物种非常有用，因为它们可作为可储存的“裸”原子金属阴离子试剂，特别是在它们与一氧化碳和异氰化物的反应中。鉴于查特对有机金属和无机化合物这一独特合成路线的开创性贡献，建议将这种有价值的合成方法命名为“查特反应”，以纪念这位化学巨匠。
