School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Graduate School of Design, Harvard University, 48 Quincy Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 May 1;663:568-579. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.347. Epub 2019 Jan 28.
Urban industrialization has caused severe land contamination at hundreds of thousands of sites in cities all around the world, posing a serious health risk to millions of people. Many contaminated brownfield sites are being left abandoned due to the high cost of remediation. Traditional physical and chemical remediation technologies also require high energy and resource input, and can result in loss of land functionality and cause secondary pollution. Nature-based solutions (NBS) including phytoremediation and conversion of brownfield sites to public greenspaces, holds much promise in maximizing a sustainable urban renaissance. NBS is an umbrella concept that can be used to capture nature based, cost effective and eco-friendly treatment technologies, as well as redevelopment strategies that are socially inclusive, economically viable, and with good public acceptance. The NBS concept is novel and in urgent need of new research to better understand the pros and cons, and to enhance its practicality. This review article summarizes NBS's main features, key technology choices, case studies, limitations, and future trends for urban contaminated land remediation and brownfield redevelopment.
城市化工业化导致全球数以十万计的城市场地遭受严重的土地污染，对数百万人民的健康构成严重威胁。由于修复成本高昂，许多污染的棕地被遗弃。传统的物理和化学修复技术也需要高能源和资源投入，并且可能导致土地功能丧失和造成二次污染。包括植物修复和将棕地改造为公共绿地在内的基于自然的解决方案（NBS）在实现可持续城市复兴方面具有很大的潜力。NBS 是一个伞形概念，可用于捕获基于自然、具有成本效益和环保的处理技术，以及具有社会包容性、经济可行性和良好公众接受度的重新开发策略。NBS 概念是新颖的，迫切需要新的研究来更好地了解其优缺点，并增强其实用性。本文综述了 NBS 在城市污染土地修复和棕地再开发方面的主要特点、关键技术选择、案例研究、局限性和未来趋势。
