Dainiak Nicholas, Albanese Joseph, Kaushik Meetu, Balajee Adayabalam S, Romanyukha Alexander, Sharp Thad J, Blakely William F
Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven CT 06520, USA.
Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, PO Box 117, MS 39, Oak Ridge TN 37831, USA.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2019 Dec 31;186(1):130-138. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncy294.
The USA must be prepared to provide a prompt, coordinated and integrated response for radiation dose and injury assessment for suspected radiation exposure, whether it involves isolated cases or mass casualties. Dose estimation for radiation accidents typically necessitates a multiple parameter diagnostics approach that includes clinical, biological and physical dosimetry to provide an early-phase radiation dose. A US Individual Dosimetry and Biodosimetry Network (US-IDBN) will increase surge capacity for civilian and military populations in a large-scale incident. The network's goal is to leverage available resources and provide an integrated biodosimetry capability, using multiple parameter diagnostics. Initial operations will be to expand an existing functional integration of two cytogenetic biodosimetry laboratories by developing Standard Operating Procedures, cross-training laboratorians, developing common calibration curves, supporting inter-comparison exercises and obtaining certification to process clinical samples. Integration with certified commercial laboratories will increase surge capacity to meet the needs of a mass-casualty incident.
美国必须做好准备，针对疑似辐射暴露的辐射剂量和损伤评估提供迅速、协调和综合的应对措施，无论其涉及个别病例还是大规模伤亡情况。辐射事故的剂量估计通常需要采用多参数诊断方法，包括临床、生物和物理剂量测定，以提供早期辐射剂量。美国个人剂量测定和生物剂量测定网络（US-IDBN）将提高大规模事件中平民和军事人员的应急能力。该网络的目标是利用现有资源，采用多参数诊断方法提供综合生物剂量测定能力。初期行动将通过制定标准操作程序、对实验室人员进行交叉培训、绘制通用校准曲线、支持比对试验以及获得处理临床样本的认证，来扩大两个细胞遗传学生物剂量测定实验室现有的功能整合。与经认证的商业实验室整合将提高应急能力，以满足大规模伤亡事件的需求。
