Kolmer J A, Long D L, Hughes M E
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Disease Laboratory, St. Paul, MN 55108.
Plant Dis. 2012 Aug;96(8):1216-1221. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-01-12-0048-SR.
Collections of Puccinia triticina were obtained from rust-infected leaves provided by cooperators throughout the United States and from wheat fields and breeding plots by United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service personnel and cooperators in the Great Plains, Ohio River Valley, southeastern states, Oregon, and Washington State in order to determine the virulence of the wheat leaf rust population in 2010. Single uredinial isolates (537 total) were derived from the collections and tested for virulence phenotype on 19 lines of 'Thatcher' wheat and a winter wheat line that are near-isogenic for 20 leaf rust resistance genes. In 2010, 38 virulence phenotypes were described in the United States. Virulence phenotypes MLDSD, TDBJG, and TCRKG were the three most common phenotypes. Phenotype MLDSD is virulent to Lr17 and Lr39/Lr41 and was widely distributed throughout the United States. Phenotype TDBJG is virulent to Lr24 and was found in both the soft red winter wheat and hard red winter wheat regions. Phenotype TCRKG is virulent to Lr11, Lr18, and Lr26 and was found mostly in the soft red winter wheat region in the eastern United States. Virulence to Lr21 was found for the first time in North America in isolates collected from spring wheat cultivars in North Dakota and Minnesota.
从小麦叶锈菌感染的叶片上采集了小麦条锈菌样本，这些叶片由美国各地的合作方提供，还有美国农业部农业研究局的工作人员以及大平原、俄亥俄河谷、东南部各州、俄勒冈州和华盛顿州的合作方从麦田和育种试验田中采集，目的是确定2010年小麦叶锈菌群体的毒力。从这些样本中分离出单个夏孢子堆分离物（共537个），并在19个“撒切尔”小麦品系和一个冬小麦品系上测试其毒力表型，这些品系对20个叶锈病抗性基因近乎等基因系。2010年，在美国描述了38种毒力表型。毒力表型MLDSD、TDBJG和TCRKG是三种最常见的表型。表型MLDSD对Lr17和Lr39/Lr41有毒力，在美国广泛分布。表型TDBJG对Lr24有毒力，在软红冬小麦和硬红冬小麦地区均有发现。表型TCRKG对Lr11、Lr18和Lr26有毒力，主要在美国东部的软红冬小麦地区发现。在从北达科他州和明尼苏达州的春小麦品种中采集的分离物中，首次在北美发现了对Lr21的毒力。
